shadow yifayela eliqukethe imininingwane yephasiwedi yama-akhawunti ohlelo kanye nolwazi lokuguga ongazikhethela lona. Leli fayela akufanele lifundeke abasebenzisi abavamile uma ukuphepha kwephasiwedi kuzogcinwa.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-passwd nesithunzi ku-Linux?
Umehluko omkhulu ukuthi aqukethe izingcezu ezahlukene zedatha. i-passwd iqukethe imininingwane yomphakathi yabasebenzisi (i-UID, igama eligcwele, uhla lwemibhalo lwasekhaya), ngenkathi isithunzi siqukethe iphasiwedi esheshayo kanye nedatha yokuphelelwa yisikhathi kwephasiwedi.
Kusho ukuthini efayeleni lethunzi?
Njengoba ingafundwa kulo mbhalo olandelayo, “!!” e-akhawuntini entry in shadow means i-akhawunti yomsebenzisi isidaliwe, kodwa okwamanje ayikanikezwa iphasiwedi. Kuze kube yilapho inikezwa iphasiwedi yokuqala yi-sysadmin, ikhiywa ngokuzenzakalelayo.
Iyiphi ifomethi ifayela lesithunzi?
The /etc/shadow file igcina iphasiwedi yangempela ngefomethi ebethelwe (kakhulu njenge-hashi yephasiwedi) ye-akhawunti yomsebenzisi enezakhiwo ezengeziwe ezihlobene nephasiwedi yomsebenzisi. Ukuqonda ifomethi yefayela /etc/shadow kubalulekile kuma-sysadmins nabathuthukisi ukulungisa izinkinga ze-akhawunti yomsebenzisi.
I-ETC shadow isetshenziselwa ini?
/etc/shadow isetshenziswa ukukhulisa izinga lokuvikeleka lamagama ayimfihlo ngokukhawulela ukufinyelela kwabasebenzisi bonke kodwa abanenhlanhla enkulu kudatha yephasiwedi esheshayo. Ngokuvamile, leyo datha igcinwa kumafayela aphethwe futhi afinyeleleka umsebenzisi omkhulu kuphela.
Liyini ifayela le-passwd ku-Linux?
Ifayela /etc/passwd igcina imininingwane ebalulekile, obekudingeka ngesikhathi sokungena ngemvume. Ngamanye amazwi, igcina imininingwane ye-akhawunti yomsebenzisi. I-/etc/passwd iyifayela lombhalo ongenalutho. Iqukethe uhlu lwama-akhawunti ohlelo, enikeza i-akhawunti ngayinye ulwazi oluwusizo olufana ne-ID yomsebenzisi, i-ID yeqembu, uhla lwemibhalo lwasekhaya, igobolondo, nokuningi.
Iqukethe ini isithunzi se-ETC?
Ifayela lesibili, elibizwa ngokuthi "/etc/shadow", liqukethe iphasiwedi ebethelwe kanye nolunye ulwazi olufana namanani okuphelelwa yisikhathi kwe-akhawunti noma iphasiwedi, njll. Ifayela /etc/shadow lifundeka kuphela nge-akhawunti yezimpande ngakho-ke ingaphansi kwengozi yokuphepha.
Iyini i-Pwconv ku-Linux?
Umyalo we-pwconv idala isithunzi kusuka ku-passwd kanye nesithunzi esikhona ngokuzikhethela. pwconv futhi grpconv ziyefana. Okokuqala, okufakiwe efayeleni elinomthunzi okungekho efayeleni eliyinhloko kuyasuswa. Bese, okufakiwe okunethunzi okungenayo `x' njengephasiwedi efayeleni elikhulu kuyabuyekezwa.
Kusho ukuthini isithunzi?
1: eduze kakhulu nedolobha elisethunzini lezintaba ze-Rocky. 2 : esesimweni sokunganakwa ngoba konke ukunaka kunikwa omunye Wakhulela emthunzini kadadewabo othandwa kakhulu.
Ngibabhala kanjani abasebenzisi ku-Linux?
Ukuze ufake ohlwini abasebenzisi ku-Linux, kufanele khipha umyalo "wekati" kufayela elithi "/etc/passwd".. Lapho wenza lo myalo, uzokwethulwa ngohlu lwabasebenzisi olutholakalayo njengamanje ohlelweni lwakho. Kungenjalo, ungasebenzisa umyalo othi "okuncane" noma "okuningi" ukuze uzulazule phakathi kohlu lwegama lomsebenzisi.
Zakhiwa kanjani izithunzi?
Izithunzi zakheka ngoba ukukhanya kuhamba emigqeni eqondile. … Kwakhiwa izithunzi lapho into engacacile noma impahla ibekwe endleleni yemisebe yokukhanya. I-opaque material ayikuvumeli ukukhanya kudlule kuyo. Imisebe yokukhanya edlula emaphethelweni ezinto ezibonakalayo yenza uhlaka lwesithunzi.
Ifayela lesithunzi lisebenza kanjani ku-Linux?
Ifayela /etc/shadow ligcina iphasiwedi yangempela ngefomethi ebethelwe kanye nolunye ulwazi oluhlobene namaphasiwedi njengegama lomsebenzisi, usuku lokugcina lokushintsha iphasiwedi, amanani okuphelelwa yisikhathi kwephasiwedi, njll,. Kuyifayela lombhalo futhi lifundeka kuphela umsebenzisi oyimpande ngakho-ke lingaphansi kwengozi yokuvikeleka.