Impendulo Esheshayo: Ngiyibonisa kanjani imigqa yokuqala eyi-10 yefayela ku-Linux?

Ukubheka imigqa embalwa yokuqala yefayela, thayipha igama lefayela lenhloko, lapho igama lefayela kuyigama lefayela ofuna ukulibuka, bese ucindezela . Ngokuzenzakalelayo, ikhanda likukhombisa imigqa yokuqala eyi-10 yefayela. Ungakushintsha lokhu ngokuthayipha igama lefayela elithi head -number, lapho inombolo iyinombolo yemigqa ofuna ukuyibona.

Ngiyifunda kanjani imigqa yokuqala eyi-10 yefayela ku-Linux?

Thayipha umyalo wekhanda olandelayo ukuze ubonise imigqa yokuqala eyi-10 yefayela elibizwa ngokuthi “bar.txt”:

1. ikhanda -10 bar.txt.
2. ikhanda -20 bar.txt.
3. sed -n 1,10p /etc/group.
4. sed -n 1,20p /etc/group.
5. awk 'FNR <= 10' /etc/passwd.
6. awk 'FNR <= 20' /etc/passwd.
7. perl -ne'1..10 bese uphrinta' /etc/passwd.
8. perl -ne'1..20 bese uphrinta' /etc/passwd.

18 unyaka. 2018 г.

Imuphi umyalo osetshenziswayo ukubonisa imigqa yokuqala eyi-10 yesiqalo sefayela?

Umyalo wekhanda, njengoba negama lisho, phrinta inombolo ephezulu engu-N yedatha yokokufaka okunikeziwe. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, iphrinta imigqa yokuqala eyi-10 yamafayela ashiwo. Uma kunikezwe igama lefayela elingaphezu kwelilodwa khona-ke idatha evela kufayela ngalinye yandulelwa igama lefayela layo.

Uyihlanganisa kanjani imigqa yokuqala eyi-10?

ikhanda -n10 igama lefayela | grep ... ikhanda lizokhipha imigqa yokuqala eyi-10 (usebenzisa inketho ethi -n), bese ungaphayipha lokho okukhiphayo ku-grep . Ungasebenzisa umugqa olandelayo: ikhanda -n 10 /path/to/file | grep […]

Ngiyibona kanjani imigqa yokugcina eyi-10 yefayela ku-Linux?

I-syntax yomyalo we-Linux tail

Umsila umyalo ophrinta inombolo yokugcina embalwa yemigqa (imigqa eyi-10 ngokuzenzakalelayo) yefayela elithile, bese uyanqamula. Isibonelo sokuqala: Ngokuzenzakalelayo “umsila” uphrinta imigqa yokugcina eyi-1 yefayela, bese uyaphuma. njengoba ubona, lokhu kuphrinta imigqa yokugcina eyi-10 ye/var/log/messages.

Ngilazi kanjani igobolondo lami lamanje?

Indlela yokuhlola ukuthi yiliphi igobolondo engilisebenzisayo: Sebenzisa imiyalo elandelayo ye-Linux noma ye-Unix: ps -p $$ - Bonisa igama lakho legobolondo lamanje ngokuthembekile. echo "$SHELL" - Phrinta igobolondo lomsebenzisi wamanje kodwa hhayi ngempela igobolondo elisebenza ekuhambeni.

Ngiwakopisha kanjani amafayela okuqala ayi-10 ku-UNIX?

Kopisha amafayela we-n wokuqala usuka kolunye uhla lwemibhalo uye kolunye

1. thola . – ubuningi 1 -hlobo f | ikhanda -5 | xargs cp -t /target/directory. Lokhu kubukeka kuthembisa, kodwa kwehlulekile ngoba umyalo we-osx cp awubonakali une-. - shintsha.
2. sebenzisa ekucushweni okumbalwa okuhlukile. Lokhu cishe kwehlulekile ezinkingeni ze-syntax ekugcineni kwami ​​: / angikwazanga ukuthola ukukhetha kohlobo lwekhanda kusebenza.

13 isiqephu. 2018 g.

Yimuphi umyalo osetshenziselwa ukukhomba amafayela?

Umyalo wefayela usebenzisa ifayela /etc/magic ukukhomba amafayela anenombolo yomlingo; okungukuthi, noma yiliphi ifayela eliqukethe inombolo noma iyunithi yezinhlamvu engashintshi ebonisa uhlobo. Lokhu kubonisa uhlobo lwefayela le-myfile (njengenkomba, idatha, umbhalo we-ASCII, umthombo wohlelo C, noma ingobo yomlando).

Uyini umyalo wekhanda?

Umyalo wekhanda uyisisetshenziswa somugqa womyalo wokukhipha ingxenye yokuqala yamafayela anikezwe wona ngokufaka okujwayelekile. Ibhala imiphumela kokuphumayo okujwayelekile. Ngokuzenzakalelayo ikhanda libuyisela imigqa yokuqala eyishumi yefayela ngalinye elinikeziwe.

Ngiyibuka kanjani ifolda?

Uzibhala Kanjani Izikhombisi Kuphela ku-Linux

1. Uhlu lwemibhalo kusetshenziswa i-Wildcards. Indlela elula ukusebenzisa amakhadi asendle. …
2. Ukusebenzisa -F inketho kanye ne-grep. Izinketho ze -F zengeza isisilashi esilandela ngemuva. …
3. Ukusebenzisa -l inketho kanye ne-grep. Kuhlu olude luka- ls okungukuthi ls -l , singakwazi 'grep' imigqa eqala ngo-d . …
4. Ukusebenzisa umyalo we-echo. …
5. Ukusebenzisa i-printf. …
6. Ukusebenzisa umyalo wokuthola.

2 uNovemba. UDisemba 2012

Uyihlanganisa kanjani imigqa embalwa?

Ku-BSD noma i-GNU grep ungasebenzisa -B num ukuze usethe ukuthi mingaki imigqa ngaphambi komdlalo kanye -Inani lenombolo yemigqa ngemva komdlalo. Uma ufuna inombolo efanayo yemigqa ngaphambi nangemuva ungasebenzisa -C num . Lokhu kuzobonisa imigqa emi-3 ngaphambi nangemuva kwemi-3.

Wenzani umyalo wekati?

Umyalo 'wekati' [okufushane kokuthi “concatenate”] ungomunye wemiyalo esetshenziswa kakhulu ku-Linux nakwamanye amasistimu wokusebenza. Umyalo wekati usivumela ukuthi sakhe amafayela owodwa noma amaningi, ukubuka okuqukethe ifayela, ukuhlanganisa amafayela futhi siqondise kabusha okukhiphayo kusiphetho noma amafayela.

Wenzani umyalo we-grep?

I-grep iyinsizakalo yomugqa womyalo yokusesha amasethi edatha yombhalo ongenalutho wemigqa ehambisana nesisho esivamile. Igama layo livela ku-ed command g/re/p (sesha emhlabeni wonke isisho esivamile bese uphrinta imigqa emeshayo), onomphumela ofanayo.

Ngiwubonisa kanjani umugqa wefayela ku-Unix?

Izihloko ezihlobene Nalesi

1. awk : $>awk '{if(NR==LINE_NUMBER) phrinta $0}' file.txt.
2. sed : $>sed -n LINE_NUMBERp file.txt.
3. ikhanda : $>head -n LINE_NUMBER file.txt | umsila -n + LINE_NUMBER Nansi i-LINE_NUMBER, iyiphi inombolo yomugqa ofuna ukuyiphrinta. Izibonelo: Phrinta umugqa kusuka efayeleni elilodwa.

26 isiqephu. 2017 g.

Iyiphi inqubo yokubala inani lezinhlamvu nemigqa efayeleni?

Umyalo othi “wc” ngokuyisisekelo usho ukuthi “isibalo samagama” futhi ngamapharamitha azikhethela ahlukene umuntu angawusebenzisa ukubala inani lemigqa, amagama, nezinhlamvu efayeleni lombhalo. Ukusebenzisa i-wc ngaphandle kwezinketho kuzokutholela ukubala kwamabhayithi, imigqa, namagama (inketho -c, -l kanye -w).

Ulenza kanjani ifayela ku-Linux?

1. Ukudala Amafayela E-Linux Amasha kusuka ku-Command Line. Dala Ifayela ngeTouch Command. Dala Ifayela Elisha Nge-opharetha Eqondise Kabusha. Dala Ifayela nge-Cat Command. Dala Ifayela nge-echo Command. Dala Ifayela nge-printf Command.
2. Ukusebenzisa Izihleli Zombhalo Ukuze Udale Ifayela Le-Linux. Vi Umhleli Wombhalo. I-Vim Text Editor. I-Nano Text Editor.

27 awu. 2019 g.