Impendulo Esheshayo: Ungayiqala Kanjani Isevisi Ku-Linux?

izinyathelo

• Vula umugqa womyalo.
• Faka umyalo ukuze ubonise amasevisi asebenzayo okwamanje.
• Thola igama lomyalo wesevisi ofuna ukuyiqala kabusha.
• Faka umyalo wokuqalisa kabusha.
• Faka iphasiwedi yakho uma ucelwa.

Ngiyiqala kanjani isevisi ku-Ubuntu?

Qala/Misa/Qalisa kabusha Amasevisi ngomyalo wesevisi ku-Ubuntu. Ungaqala, umise, noma uqale kabusha izinsiza usebenzisa umyalo wesevisi futhi. Vula iwindi letheminali, bese ufaka imiyalo elandelayo.

Ngibona kanjani ukuthi yiziphi izinsizakalo ezisebenzayo ku-Linux?

Hlola izinsiza ezisebenzayo ku-Linux

1. Hlola isimo sesevisi. Isevisi ingaba nanoma yisiphi isimo kulezi ezilandelayo:
2. Qala isevisi. Uma isevisi ingasebenzi, ungasebenzisa umyalo wesevisi ukuyiqalisa.
3. Sebenzisa i-netstat ukuze uthole ukungqubuzana kwembobo.
4. Hlola isimo se-xinetd.
5. Hlola izingodo.
6. Izinyathelo ezilandelayo.

Ngiyiqala kanjani isevisi ye-systemd?

Ihlaziya isimo sesistimu

• Uhlu lwamayunithi asebenzayo: $ systemctl.
• Uhlu lwamayunithi ahlulekile: $ systemctl -failed.
• Qala iyunithi ngokushesha: # systemctl start unit.
• Misa iyunithi ngokushesha: # systemctl stop unit.
• Qala kabusha iyunithi: # systemctl qala kabusha iyunithi.
• Hlola ukuthi iyunithi isivele ivuliwe noma cha: $ systemctl is-enabled unit.

Ngiyenza kanjani isevisi ku-Linux?

I-Arch Linux (systemd)

1. Dala umsebenzisi wesevisi oyifunayo.
2. Qinisekisa ukuthi umsebenzisi odaliwe unokufinyelela okugcwele kokunambambili ofuna ukukumisa: /usr/bin/python.
3. Lungisa okuguquguqukayo (njengempande): /etc/systemd/system/example.service.
4. Qiniseka ukuthi iskripthi siyasebenza:
5. Nika amandla umbhalo ekuqaliseni nge:
6. Ukuze uqale iskripthi:

Ngiqala kanjani i-Linux?

Izinyathelo Eziyisi-7 Zokuqala Umsebenzi Wakho we-Linux SysAdmin

• Faka i-Linux. Kufanele icishe ihambe ngaphandle kokusho, kodwa ukhiye wokuqala wokufunda i-Linux ukufaka i-Linux.
• Thenga i-LFS101x. Uma umusha ngokuphelele ku-Linux, indawo engcono kakhulu ongaqala kuyo i-LFS101x yethu yamahhala Isingeniso sesifundo se-Linux.
• Bheka ku-LFS201.
• Zijwayeze!
• Thola Isitifiketi.
• Bandakanya.

Uyini umyalo wesevisi ku-Linux?

Umyalo wesevisi. Kusuka ku-Linux Shell Scripting Tutorial – Incwadi yabaqalayo. Umyalo wesevisi usetshenziselwa ukusebenzisa iskripthi se-System V init. Ngokuvamile zonke izikripthi zesistimu ye-V init zigcinwa kuhla lwemibhalo /etc/init.d futhi umyalo wesevisi ungasetshenziswa ukuqalisa, ukumisa, nokuqalisa kabusha ama-daemoni nezinye izinkonzo ngaphansi kwe-Linux.

Iyini isevisi ye-Linux?

Isevisi ye-Linux wuhlelo (noma isethi yezinhlelo zokusebenza) esebenza ngemuva ilinde ukusetshenziswa, noma ukwenza imisebenzi ebalulekile. Sengikushilo okumbalwa okujwayelekile (i-Apache ne-MySQL). Ngokuvamile ngeke wazi ngamasevisi uze uwadinga. Lolu uhlelo oluvame kakhulu lwe-Linux init.

Ngizibona kanjani izinqubo zangemuva ku-Linux?

Qalisa inqubo ye-Unix ngemuva

1. Ukuze uqalise uhlelo lokubala, oluzobonisa inombolo yesikhombi yenqubo yomsebenzi, faka: count &
2. Ukuze uhlole isimo somsebenzi wakho, faka: imisebenzi.
3. Ukuletha inqubo yangemuva ngaphambili, faka: fg.
4. Uma unemisebenzi engaphezu kowodwa emisiwe ngemuva, faka: fg %#

Ngiyiqala kanjani kabusha isevisi ye-Linux?

izinyathelo

• Vula umugqa womyalo.
• Faka umyalo ukuze ubonise amasevisi asebenzayo okwamanje.
• Thola igama lomyalo wesevisi ofuna ukuyiqala kabusha.
• Faka umyalo wokuqalisa kabusha.
• Faka iphasiwedi yakho uma ucelwa.

Ngiyenza kanjani isevisi ku-Ubuntu?

Sebenzisa i-Java App yakho njengesevisi ku-Ubuntu

1. Isinyathelo 1: Dala Isevisi. sudo vim /etc/systemd/system/my-webapp.service.
2. Isinyathelo sesi-2: Dala i-Bash Script ukuze Ushayele Isevisi Yakho. Nasi iskripthi se-bash esibiza ifayela lakho le-JAR: my-webapp.
3. Isinyathelo sesi-3: Qala Isevisi. sudo systemctl daemon-reload.
4. Isinyathelo sesi-4: Setha Ukuloga. Okokuqala, sebenzisa: sudo journalctl –unit=my-webapp .

Uyini umyalo we-Systemctl?

Umyalo we-systemctl iyithuluzi elisha lokulawula uhlelo nesevisi ye-systemd. Lokhu ukushintshwa kokuphathwa kwesistimu ye-SysV init endala.

Ngisibhala kanjani iskripthi sokuqalisa ku-Linux?

Faka umbhalo oqukethe umyalo ohlwini lwakho lwemibhalo / njll. Dala umbhalo onjengokuthi “startup.sh” usebenzisa isihleli sakho sombhalo osithandayo. Londoloza ifayela ohlwini lwakho lwemibhalo /etc/init.d/. Shintsha izimvume zeskripthi (ukuze usenze sisebenziseke) ngokuthayipha okuthi “chmod +x /etc/init.d/mystartup.sh”.

Iyini i-Systemctl?

I-Systemctl iyinsiza ye-systemd enesibopho Sokulawula isistimu ye-systemd kanye nomphathi wesevisi.

Iyini iyunithi ye-systemd?

Ku-systemd , iyunithi ibhekisela kunoma iyiphi insiza isistimu ekwaziyo ukuthi isebenza kanjani futhi iphathwe kanjani. Lena into eyinhloko amathuluzi esistimu akwaziyo ukubhekana nayo. Lezi zinsiza zichazwa kusetshenziswa amafayela okumisa abizwa ngokuthi amafayela amayunithi.

Iyiphi i-Linux OS engcono kakhulu yabaqalayo?

I-Linux distro ehamba phambili yabaqalayo:

• Ubuntu : Okokuqala ohlwini lwethu - Ubuntu, okwamanje okudume kakhulu ukusatshalaliswa kweLinux kwabaqalayo kanye nakubasebenzisi abanolwazi.
• I-Linux Mint. I-Linux Mint, enye i-Linux distro edumile yabaqalayo esekelwe ku-Ubuntu.
• i-OS yokuqala.
• IZorin OS.
• Pinguy OS.
• I-Manjaro Linux.
• I-Solus.
• Deepin.

Ingabe ngidinga i-Linux?

I-Linux isebenzisa kahle kakhulu izinsiza zesistimu. Ukufakwa kwe-Linux kungenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo kubasebenzisi kanye nezimfuneko ezithile zehadiwe. Mahhala: I-Linux imahhala ngokuphelele futhi abasebenzisi abadingi ukukhokhela noma yini. Wonke ama-software ayisisekelo adingwa umsebenzisi ojwayelekile ngisho nomsebenzisi oseqophelweni eliphezulu ayatholakala.

Yini engingayifunda ku-Linux?

Uzothola ukufunda:

1. Finyelela kulayini womyalo.
2. Phatha amafayela emugqeni womyalo.
3. Dala, buka, futhi hlela amafayela ombhalo.
4. Phatha abasebenzisi bendawo be-Linux namaqembu.
5. Gada futhi uphathe izinqubo ze-Linux.
6. Faka futhi ubuyekeze isofthiwe.

Iyini inqubo ye-zombie ku-Linux?

Inqubo ye-zombie iyinqubo ukubulawa kwayo kuqediwe kodwa isenokufakwa kuthebula lenqubo. Izinqubo zeZombie zivame ukwenzeka ezinqubweni zengane, njengoba inqubo yomzali isadinga ukufunda isimo sokuphuma kwengane yakhe. Lokhu kwaziwa njengokuvuna inqubo ye-zombie.

Ayini ama-daemon ku-Linux?

I-daemon iyinqubo engemuva ethatha isikhathi eside ephendula izicelo zamasevisi. Itemu liqhamuke ku-Unix, kodwa izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi zisebenzisa ama-daemon ngandlela thize. Ku-Unix, amagama amademoni ngokuvamile agcina ngo-“d”. Ezinye izibonelo zifaka phakathi inetd , httpd , nfsd , sshd , eqanjwe igama , kanye ne- lpd .

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwesevisi nenqubo?

Inqubo iyisibonelo sefayela elithile elisebenzisekayo (.exe lohlelo) elisebenzayo. Isevisi iyinqubo esebenza ngemuva futhi engahlangani nedeskithophu. Izinhlelo zokulwa namagciwane ngokuvamile zisebenzisa isevisi ukuze zikwazi ukuqhubeka nokusebenza ngisho noma umsebenzisi engangenile.

Ngiyithola kanjani i-PID ku-Linux?

Inqubo yokuthola inqubo ngegama ku-Linux

• Vula uhlelo lokusebenza lokugcina.
• Thayipha umyalo we-pidof kanje ukuze uthole i-PID yenqubo ye-firefox: pidof firefox.
• Noma sebenzisa umyalo we-ps kanye nomyalo we-grep kanje: ps aux | grep -i firefox.
• Ukubheka noma izinqubo zesignali ngokusekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kwegama:

Ibulala kanjani yonke inqubo kuLinux?

1. I-nohup ikuvumela ukuthi uqhube uhlelo ngendlela elwenza luzibe amasiginali we-hangup.
2. ps ibonisa uhlu lwezinqubo zamanje kanye nezakhiwo zazo.
3. ukubulala kusetshenziselwa ukuthumela amasiginali wokunqamula ezinqubweni.
4. pgrep search futhi ubulale izinqubo zesistimu.
5. isibonisi se-pidof I-Process ID (PID) yomsebenzi.
6. killall ukubulala inqubo ngegama.

Uhlola kanjani ukuthi iyiphi inqubo esebenzisa ichweba ku-Linux?

Indlela 1: Kusetshenziswa umyalo we-netstat

• Ngemuva kwalokho sebenzisa umyalo olandelayo: $ sudo netstat -ltnp.
• Umyalo ongenhla unikeza imininingwane ye-netstat ngokususelwa kuzici ezilandelayo:
• Indlela 2: Kusetshenziswa umyalo we-lsof.
• Masisebenzise i-lsof ukubuka insizakalo ilalele ethekwini elithile.
• Indlela 3: Kusetshenziswa umyalo we-fuser.

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