Umbuzo: Ungawavula Kanjani Amachweba Ku-Linux?

Okuqukethwe

Ubona kanjani ukuthi imaphi amachweba avuliwe eLinux?

Thola ukuthi Imaphi Amachweba Alalelayo / Vula Ku-Linux Yami & Iseva Ye-FreeBSD

umyalo we-netstat ukuthola izimbobo ezivulekile. I-syntax ithi: # netstat -lalela.
lsof Command Izibonelo. Ukuze ubonise uhlu lwezimbobo ezivuliwe, faka:
Inothi Ngabasebenzisi be-FreeBSD. Ungasebenzisa umyalo we-sockstat uhlu oluvulekile lwe-inthanethi noma amasokhethi esizinda se-UNIX, faka:

Ngilivula kanjani ichweba ku-Ubuntu?

Ubuntu and Debian

Khipha umyalo olandelayo ukuze uvule imbobo 1191 yethrafikhi ye-TCP. sudo ufw vumela i-1191/tcp.
Khipha umyalo olandelayo ukuze uvule ububanzi bezimbobo. sudo ufw vumela 60000:61000/tcp.
Khipha umyalo olandelayo ukuze ume futhi uqale i-Firewall Engayinkimbinkimbi (UFW). sudo ufw khubaza sudo ufw vumela.

Ngilivula kanjani ichweba?

Vula izimbobo ze-firewall ku Windows 10

Zulazulela ku-Control Panel, System and Security kanye ne-Windows Firewall.
Khetha izilungiselelo ezithuthukile bese ugqamisa Imithetho Engenayo Efasiteleni elingakwesokunxele.
Chofoza kwesokudla Imithetho Engenayo bese ukhetha Umthetho Omusha.
Engeza imbobo oyidingayo ukuze uyivule bese uchofoza Okulandelayo.
Faka iphrothokholi (i-TCP noma i-UDP) nenombolo yembobo efasiteleni elilandelayo bese uchofoza Okulandelayo.

Ngilivula kanjani ichweba ku-CentOS?

Sebenzisa umyalo we-iptables ukuze uvule imbobo entsha ye-TCP/UDP ku-firewall. Ukuze ulondoloze umthetho obuyekeziwe unomphela, udinga umyalo wesibili. Enye indlela yokuvula ichweba ku-CentOS/RHEL 6 ukusebenzisa iklayenti le-firewall interface yomsebenzisi (TUI), eliqanjwe ngokuthi i-system-config-firewall-tui.

Ngibheka kanjani ukuthi ichweba livuliwe i-Linux?

Ungawabheka kanjani amachweba wokulalela nezinhlelo zokusebenza ku-Linux:

Vula i-terminal application ie Shell Prompt.
Qalisa noma yimuphi umyalo olandelayo: sudo lsof -i -P -n | grep LALELA. sudo netstat -tulpn | grep LALELA. sudo nmap -sTU -O IP-ikheli-Lapha.

Ngingabona kanjani ukuthi i-port 22 ivuliwe?

Bheka i-port 25 ku-Windows

Vula "Iphaneli Yokulawula".
Iya kokuthi “Izinhlelo“.
Khetha "Khanyisa noma uvale izici zeWindows".
Thikha ibhokisi elithi “Telnet Client”.
Chofoza okuthi "KULUNGILE". Ibhokisi elisha elithi "Ukusesha amafayela adingekayo" lizovela esikrinini sakho. Lapho inqubo isiqediwe, i-telnet kufanele isebenze ngokuphelele.

Ngiyengeza kanjani imbobo ku-firewall ku-Linux?

Hlela imithetho ye-firewall

Faka imiyalo elandelayo ukuze uvule izimbobo ezandulele: firewall-cmd -zone=public -add-port=25/tcp -permanent. Phinda lo myalo, esikhundleni senombolo yembobo, endaweni ngayinye yezimbobo ezandulele.**
Faka kuhlu imithetho endaweni ethile ngokusebenzisa umyalo olandelayo: firewall-cmd -query-service=

Ngiyivula kanjani i-port 8080?

Lokhu kusho ukuthi imbobo ivuliwe:

Ukuze uvule imbobo, vula iWindows Firewall:
Kuzilungiselelo Ezithuthukile kufasitelana elingakwesokunxele, chofoza Imithetho Engenayo.
Kuwizadi, khetha Imbobo bese uchofoza Okulandelayo:
Hlola i-TCP, hlola izimbobo zendawo ezithile, faka u-8080, bese uchofoza Okulandelayo:
Chofoza okuthi Vumela uxhumano bese uchofoza Okulandelayo:
Hlola amanethiwekhi akho.

Ngingaqala kanjani i-firewall ku-Ubuntu?

Olunye ulwazi oluyisisekelo lwe-Linux kufanele lwanele ukumisa le firewall uwedwa.

Faka i-UFW. Qaphela ukuthi i-UFW ivamise ukufakwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ku-Ubuntu.
Vumela ukuxhumana.
Yenqaba ukuxhumana.
Vumela ukufinyelela kusuka ekhelini le-IP elithembekile.
Nika amandla i-UFW.
Hlola isimo se-UFW.
Khubaza/layisha kabusha/qalisa kabusha i-UFW.
Ukususa imithetho.

Ngihlola kanjani ukuthi i-firewall ivimbe imbobo?

Ihlola i-Windows Firewall ukuthola izimbobo ezivinjiwe

Qalisa i-Command Prompt.
Qalisa i-netstat -a -n.
Hlola ukuze ubone ukuthi imbobo ethile isohlwini. Uma kunjalo, kusho ukuthi iseva ilalele kuleyo chweba.

Ngingahlola kanjani ukuthi ngabe i-port 80 ivulekile?

6 Izimpendulo. Qala->Izesekeli chofoza kwesokudla kokuthi “Command prompt”, kumenyu chofoza u-“Run as Administrator” (ku-Windows XP ungakwazi ukuvele uyiqalise njengokujwayelekile), sebenzisa i-netstat -anb bese ubheka okuphumayo kohlelo lwakho. I-BTW, i-Skype ngokuzenzakalelayo izama ukusebenzisa amachweba angu-80 no-443 ekuxhumekeni okungenayo.

Ngiwavula kanjani amachweba kumzila wami?

Vula isiphequluli sewebhu bese uthayipha ikheli lasesizindeni se-inthanethi lerutha (okuzenzakalelayo ngu-192.168.1.1) kubha yekheli bese ucindezela u-Enter. Thayipha igama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi ekhasini lokungena, igama lomsebenzisi elizenzakalelayo nephasiwedi kokubili kungumqondisi. Chofoza Ukudlulisa->Amaseva Abonakalayo ngakwesokunxele, bese uchofoza inkinobho ethi Engeza Okusha….

Ngiyicisha kanjani i-firewall ku-Linux 7?

Ukukhubaza unomphela i-firewall ohlelweni lwakho lwe-CentOS 7, landela lezi zinyathelo ezingezansi:

Okokuqala, misa isevisi ye-FirewallD ngokuthi: sudo systemctl stop firewalld.
Khubaza isevisi ye-FirewallD ukuze uqale ngokuzenzakalelayo ekuqaliseni uhlelo:
Mask isevisi ye-FirewallD ezovimbela uhlelo lokuvikela ukuthi luqaliswe ezinye izinsizakalo:

Ngiwavula kanjani amandla ama-iptables ku-CentOS 7?

Ungawavula kanjani amandla ama-iptables ku-RHEL7/CentOS7

Ulwazi lwe-Testbed: # cat /etc/redhat-release.
Khubaza Isevisi ye-Firewall. # systemctl imaski firewalld.
Misa Isevisi ye-Firewall. # systemctl stop firewalld.
Faka amaphakheji ahlobene nesevisi ye-iptables. # yum -y faka iptables-services.
Qiniseka ukuthi isevisi iqala ekuqaleni:
Manje, Ekugcineni Ake siqale izinkonzo ze-iptables.

Ngingaqala kanjani i-Firewalld?

Ungaqala Kanjani Futhi Uvule I-Firewalld ku-CentOS 7

Ukuhlola Ngaphambi Kokundiza.
Nika amandla i-Firewalld. Ukuze unike amandla i-firewalld, sebenzisa umyalo olandelayo njengempande: i-systemctl vumela i-firewalld.
Qala i-Firewalld. Ukuqala i-firewalld, sebenzisa umyalo olandelayo njengempande: systemctl start firewalld.
Hlola Isimo se-Firewalld. Ukuhlola isimo se-firewalld, sebenzisa umyalo olandelayo njengempande:

Ngihlola kanjani ukuthi imbobo ivuliwe kuseva eyirimothi?

I-Telnet: Kufanele futhi uhlole uxhumano usebenzisa i-telnet njengoba lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ucacise imbobo ye-TCP.

Vula umyalo womyalo.
Thayipha okuthi “telnet ” bese ucindezela u-enter.
Uma kuvela isikrini esingenalutho lapho imbobo ivuliwe, futhi ukuhlolwa kuphumelela.
Uma uthola ukuxhuma

Uhlola kanjani ukuthi iyiphi inqubo esebenzisa ichweba ku-Linux?

Indlela 1: Kusetshenziswa umyalo we-netstat

Ngemuva kwalokho sebenzisa umyalo olandelayo: $ sudo netstat -ltnp.
Umyalo ongenhla unikeza imininingwane ye-netstat ngokususelwa kuzici ezilandelayo:
Indlela 2: Kusetshenziswa umyalo we-lsof.
Masisebenzise i-lsof ukubuka insizakalo ilalele ethekwini elithile.
Indlela 3: Kusetshenziswa umyalo we-fuser.

Uhlola kanjani ukuthi ichweba livuliwe kuseva?

Thayipha okuthi “netstat -a” efasiteleni le-Command Prompt, bese ucindezela u-“Enter.” Ikhompyutha ibonisa uhlu lwazo zonke izimbobo ze-TCP ne-UDP ezivuliwe. Bheka noma iyiphi inombolo yembobo ebonisa igama elithi "UKULALELA" ngaphansi kwekholomu "Isimo". Uma udinga ukungena embotsheni uye ku-IP ethile sebenzisa i-telnet.

Ngibheka kanjani ukuthi ngabe itheku 3389 livuliwe?

Chofoza i-TCP noma i-UDP, bese uchofoza okuthi KULUNGILE. Phinda izinyathelo 1 kuye ku-9 ukuze imbobo ngayinye ivuleke. Ukuze uthole izimbobo ezivulekile kukhompuyutha, sebenzisa umugqa womyalo we-netstat. Ukuze ubonise wonke amachweba avuliwe, vula umyalo we-DOS, thayipha i-netstat bese ucindezela u-Enter.

Ngiyivula kanjani i-port 25?

Izinyathelo Zokuvula I-Port 25:

Isinyathelo 1: Vula Iphaneli Yokulawula : Chofoza inkinobho ethi Qala bese ukhetha Iphaneli Yokulawula.
Isinyathelo sesi-2 : Imithetho Engenayo :
Isinyathelo sesi-3: Khetha Inketho Yembobo:
Isinyathelo 4 : I-TCP Nezimbobo Zendawo Ezithize :
Isinyathelo 5 : Khetha Isenzo :
Isinyathelo sesi-6 : Khetha Uhlobo Lokuxhumana :
Isinyathelo 7 : Nikeza Igama :

Ngingabona kanjani uma imbobo ye-FTP ivuliwe?

Ungabheka kanjani ukuthi i-FTP port 21 ivinjiwe

a) I-Windows: Ukuze uhlole ukuthi i-port 21 ivinjiwe, chofoza "Qala Imenyu"
b) Linux. Ukuze uhlole ukuthi i-port 21 ivinjiwe, vele uvule igobolondo/ukuphela kwendawo oyikhonzile bese uthayipha umyalo olandelayo olandelwa inkinobho ethi “Faka”:
c) I-Apple/Mac.
Ixhumeke ku-YourDomain.com.

Ingabe Ubuntu bunayo i-firewall?

Ubuntu bunohlelo lokuvikela olufakwe ku-Kernel, futhi lusebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo. Okudingayo ukuphatha le firewall ama-iptables. Kepha lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi ukuphatha, ngakho-ke ungasebenzisa i-UFW (i-firewall) ukuyilungiselela.

Ngingaqala kanjani i-firewall ku-Linux?

Uma ukucushwa sekubuyekeziwe thayipha umyalo wesevisi olandelayo ngokwaziswa kwegobolondo:

Ukuqala i-firewall kusuka kugobolondo faka: # chkconfig iptables on. # iptables yesevisi iqala.
Ukumisa i-firewall, faka: # service iptables stop.
Ukuze uqale kabusha i-firewall, faka: # iptables yesevisi iqala kabusha.

Ingabe Ubuntu busebenzisa ama-iptables?

12 Izimpendulo. Angazi ngo-“Ubuntu”, kodwa ku-Linux ngokuvamile, “i-iptables” akuyona isevisi – wumyalo wokukhohlisa i-netfilter kernel firewall. Ungakwazi "ukukhubaza" (noma ukumisa) i-firewall ngokusetha izinqubomgomo ezizenzakalelayo kuwo wonke amaketango ajwayelekile ukuthi "YAMUKELE", futhi uguqule imithetho.

Ngiyivula kanjani i-port 80 kumzila wami?

izinyathelo

Thola ikheli le-IP lerutha yakho.
Iya ekhasini lezilungiselelo zomzila wakho.
Faka igama lakho lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi uma ucelwa.
Thola ingxenye ethi "Port Forwarding".
Gcwalisa ifomu lokudlulisela ngembobo.
Faka ikheli le-IP eliyimfihlo lekhompyutha yakho.
Vula imbobo 80.
Gcina izilungiselelo zakho.

Iyini imbobo evulekile kumzila?

Izimbobo zivame ukuvalwa kumzila ukusiza ukuvimbela ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kunethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya. Ukuvula noma yiziphi izimbobo ezengeziwe kumzila wakho kungase kwehlise ukuvikeleka kukonke kwenethiwekhi yakho. Uma ufuna ukuvula izimbobo ukuze unikeze ukufinyelela kugeyimu noma kuhlelo lokusebenza olufana ne-BitTorrent, qiniseka ukuthi kuyadingeka ngempela.

Ngizivula kanjani izimbobo ku-spectrum yerutha yami?

Kuma-router amaningi e-Spectrum izinyathelo ezilandelayo zizokwenza ukuthi imbobo yakho idluliselwe phambili.

Dala i-Open Port kuma-Spectrum Routers

Chofoza ithebhu Inethiwekhi, engatholakala kwesokunxele kwesikrini.
Thola isixhumanisi se-Wan kwesokunxele sesikrini bese uchofoza kuso.
Chofoza ithebhu ethi Dlulisa Phambili phezulu esikrinini.

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