Umbuzo: Ungawakha Kanjani Umsebenzisi Ku-Ubuntu?

Izinyathelo zokudala umsebenzisi we-sudo

• Ngena kuseva yakho. Ngena kusistimu yakho njengomsebenzisi wempande: ssh root@server_ip_address.
• Dala i-akhawunti entsha yomsebenzisi. Dala i-akhawunti entsha yomsebenzisi usebenzisa umyalo we-adduser.
• Engeza umsebenzisi omusha eqenjini le-sudo. Ngokuzenzakalelayo ezinhlelweni ze-Ubuntu, amalungu eqembu le-sudo anikezwa ukufinyelela kwe-sudo.

Ngimengeza kanjani umsebenzisi ku-Ubuntu?

Izinyathelo Zokudala Umsebenzisi Omusha we-Sudo

1. Ngena ngemvume kuseva yakho njengomsebenzisi wempande. ssh impande@server_ip_address.
2. Sebenzisa umyalo we-adduser ukwengeza umsebenzisi omusha ohlelweni lwakho. Qiniseka ukuthi ufaka igama lomsebenzisi esikhundleni somsebenzisi ofuna ukumdala.
3. Sebenzisa umyalo we-usermod ukwengeza umsebenzisi eqenjini le-sudo.
4. Hlola ukufinyelela kwe-sudo ku-akhawunti entsha yomsebenzisi.

Ngidala kanjani igama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi ku-Ubuntu?

Abanye abasebenzisi bangashintsha amagama abo ayimfihlo kuphela. Amaphasiwedi omsebenzisi ashintshwa ku-Ubuntu kusetshenziswa umyalo we-passwd.

Ungashintsha kanjani iphasiwedi ye-sudo ku-Ubuntu

• Isinyathelo 1: Vula umugqa womyalo we-Ubuntu.
• Isinyathelo sesi-2: Ngena ngemvume njengomsebenzisi wempande.
• Isinyathelo sesi-3: Shintsha iphasiwedi ye-sudo ngokusebenzisa umyalo we-passwd.

Ngimnika kanjani amalungelo empande yomsebenzisi ku-Ubuntu?

Ungangeza Kanjani Umsebenzisi futhi Unikeze Amalungelo Ezimpande ku-Ubuntu 14.04

1. Isinyathelo 1: Engeza Umsebenzisi. Kungumyalo owodwa nje olula wokwengeza umsebenzisi. Kulokhu, sengeza umsebenzisi obizwa nge-mynewuser: adduser mynewuser. Okokuqala uzocelwa ukuthi ufake iphasiwedi yomsebenzisi (kabili); yenza lesi sinyathelo.
2. Isinyathelo sesi-2: Nikeza Amalungelo Ezimpande Kumsebenzisi. i-visudo. Thola ikhodi elandelayo: # Ukucaciswa kwelungelo lomsebenzisi.

Ngibaphatha kanjani abasebenzisi ku-Ubuntu?

Ukususa Umsebenzisi Nge-GUI

• Vula ibhokisi lezilungiselelo ze-Akhawunti ngokusebenzisa ideshi ye-Ubuntu noma ngokuchofoza umcibisholo oya phansi otholakala ekhoneni eliphezulu kwesokudla sesikrini sakho se-Ubuntu.
• Ibhokisi labasebenzisi lizovuleka.
• Khetha igama lomsebenzisi lomsebenzisi ofuna ukumsusa bese uchofoza inkinobho ethi Susa Umsebenzisi ngendlela elandelayo:

Ngiba kanjani umsebenzisi wezimpande ku-Ubuntu?

Indlela 2 Ivumela Umsebenzisi Wezimpande

1. Cindezela okuthi Ctrl + Alt + T ukuze uvule iwindi letheminali.
2. Thayipha i-sudo passwd root bese ucindezela u-↵ Enter.
3. Faka iphasiwedi, bese ucindezela u-↵ Enter .
4. Thayipha kabusha iphasiwedi uma ucelwa, bese ucindezela u-↵ Enter .
5. Thayipha u-su – bese ucindezela u-↵ Enter .

Ngimengeza kanjani umsebenzisi kudeskithophu ye-Ubuntu?

Engeza umsebenzisi ku-Ubuntu GNOME Desktop

• Chofoza okuthi Vula ekhoneni eliphezulu kwesokudla bese ufaka iphasiwedi yakho yokuphatha.
• Khetha ukuthi uyafisa yini ukudala i-akhawunti Ejwayelekile noma Yomlawuli.
• Ukusuka lapha khetha Umsebenzisi Omusha , gcwalisa yonke imininingwane edingekayo yomsebenzisi.
• Chofoza isithonjana Abasebenzisi Namaqembu bese ufaka iphasiwedi yakho yokuphatha.

Nginikeza kanjani imvume kumsebenzisi ku-Ubuntu?

Thayipha okuthi “sudo chmod a+rwx/path/to/file” kusiphetho, esikhundleni sika-“/path/to/file” ngefayela ofuna ukunikeza izimvume kuwo wonke umuntu, bese ucindezela u-“Enter.” Ungasebenzisa futhi umyalo othi “sudo chmod -R a+rwx /path/to/folder” ukuze unikeze izimvume kufolda nawo wonke amafayela nefolda engaphakathi kuyo.

Uyini umsebenzisi ku-Ubuntu?

Amasistimu wokusebenza we-Linux, okuhlanganisa Ubuntu, i-CentOS nezinye, asebenzisa amaqembu ukuze anikeze abasebenzisi amalungelo okufinyelela ezintweni ezifana namafayela nezinkomba. Lawa maqembu azimele ngaphandle komunye nomunye ngaphandle kobudlelwane obuthile phakathi kwawo. Ukwengeza umsebenzisi eqenjini kuwumsebenzi ojwayelekile wabalawuli besistimu.

Yini i-Sudo Ubuntu?

I-sudo (/ˈsuːduː/ noma /suːdoʊ/) iwuhlelo lwezinhlelo zokusebenza zekhompiyutha ezifana ne-Unix ezivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi baqhube izinhlelo ngamalungelo okuphepha womunye umsebenzisi, ngokuzenzakalelayo umsebenzisi omkhulu. Ekuqaleni ibimele “i-superuser do” njengoba izinguqulo ezindala ze-sudo zenzelwe ukusebenzisa imiyalo kuphela njengomsebenzisi omkhulu.

Ngiyenza kanjani i-Sudo njengomunye umsebenzisi?

Ukuze usebenzise umyalo njengomsebenzisi wempande, sebenzisa umyalo we-sudo . Ungacacisa umsebenzisi ngo -u , isibonelo sudo -u impande umyalo uyafana nomyalo we- sudo . Nokho, uma ufuna ukusebenzisa umyalo njengomunye umsebenzisi, udinga ukucacisa lokho ngo -u . Ngakho, isibonelo sudo -u nikki umyalo .

Ngibabhala kanjani abasebenzisi ku-Linux?

Kunezindlela ezimbalwa ongathola ngazo uhlu lwabasebenzisi ku-Linux.

1. Bonisa abasebenzisi ku-Linux usebenzisa okuncane/etc/passwd. Lo myalo uvumela ama-sysops ukuthi afake ohlwini abasebenzisi abagcinwe endaweni kusistimu.
2. Buka abasebenzisi usebenzisa i-getent passwd.
3. Faka ohlwini abasebenzisi be-Linux nge-comgen.

Ngimengeza kanjani umsebenzisi kufayela le-Sudoers?

Inqubo 2.2. Ilungiselela i-sudo Access

• Ngena ngemvume kusistimu njengomsebenzisi wempande.
• Dala i-akhawunti yomsebenzisi evamile usebenzisa umyalo we-useradd.
• Setha iphasiwedi yomsebenzisi omusha usebenzisa umyalo we-passwd.
• Qalisa i-visudo ukuze uhlele ifayela /etc/sudoers.

Ngishintshela kanjani kumsebenzisi wezimpande ku-Ubuntu?

Izimpendulo ze-4

1. Qalisa i-sudo bese uthayipha iphasiwedi yakho yokungena, uma ucelwa, ukusebenzisa leso sibonelo somyalo njengempande. Ngokuzayo lapho uqhuba omunye noma umyalo ofanayo ngaphandle kwesiqalo se-sudo, ngeke ube nokufinyelela kwezimpande.
2. Qalisa i-sudo -i .
3. Sebenzisa umyalo we-su (obambele umsebenzisi) ukuze uthole igobolondo lempande.
4. Qalisa i-sudo -s .

Ngiwaphatha kanjani amaqembu ku-Ubuntu?

Ukwengeza Abasebenzisi emaqenjini ezinhlelweni ze-Ubuntu. Ukwengeza umsebenzisi eqenjini ku-Ubuntu, cindezela u-Ctrl — Alt — T kukhibhodi yakho ukuze uvule itheminali. Uma ivuleka, thayipha i-command groupmod cindezela inkinobho yethebhu izikhathi ezi-3. Ngemva kokuthayipha umyalo nokushaya ukhiye wethebhu izikhathi ezi-3, Ubuntu ukukhombisa lonke iqembu ohlelweni.

Uyini umsebenzisi wezimpande ku-Ubuntu?

Ngokuzenzakalelayo, umsebenzisi wempande uyakwazi ukufinyelela yonke imiyalo, amafayela, izinsizakalo ohlelweni olusebenzayo lwe-Ubuntu Linux. Yaziwa nangokuthi i-akhawunti yezimpande, umsebenzisi wezimpande kanye ne-superuser. Umsebenzisi omkhulu noma umsebenzisi wempande unamalungelo ezimpande. I-akhawunti enenhlanhla enkulu ku-Ubuntu enokufinyelela okuphelele kukho konke.

Ngiba kanjani umsebenzisi wezimpande kuTheminali?

Indlela yoku-1 Ukuthola Ukufinyelela Kwezimpande Etheminali

• Vula itheminali. Uma itheminali ingakavulwa, yivule.
• Uhlobo. su – bese ucindezela u-↵ Enter .
• Faka iphasiwedi yempande uma utshelwa.
• Hlola umyalo womyalo.
• Faka imiyalo edinga ukufinyelela kwezimpande.
• Cabangela ukusebenzisa.

Ngingena kanjani ezimpandeni ku-Ubuntu terminal?

Indlela Yokwenza: Vula i-root terminal ku-Ubuntu

1. Cindezela u-Alt+F2. Ibhokisi elithi "Run Application" lizovela.
2. Thayipha okuthi “gnome-terminal” engxoxweni bese ucindezela u- “Enter”. Lokhu kuzovula iwindi elisha letheminali ngaphandle kwamalungelo okuphatha.
3. Manje, efasiteleni elisha letheminali, thayipha "sudo gnome-terminal". Uzocelwa iphasiwedi yakho. Faka iphasiwedi yakho bese ucindezela "Enter".

Ngishintsha kanjani ukusuka empandeni ngiye kwejwayelekile ku-Ubuntu?

Shintshela Kumsebenzisi Wezimpande. Ukuze ushintshele kumsebenzisi wempande udinga ukuvula i-terminal ngokucindezela u-ALT no-T ngesikhathi esifanayo. Uma ugijime umyalo nge-sudo uzocelwa iphasiwedi ye-sudo kodwa uma ugijime umyalo njenge-su uzodinga ukufaka iphasiwedi yezimpande.

Ngimsusa kanjani umsebenzisi ku-Ubuntu?

Susa umsebenzisi

• Ngena ngemvume kuseva yakho nge-SSH.
• Shintshela kumsebenzisi wempande: sudo su -
• Sebenzisa umyalo we-userdel ukususa umsebenzisi omdala: igama lomsebenzisi lomsebenzisi.
• Ongakukhetha: Ungakwazi futhi ukususa uhla lwemibhalo lwalowo msebenzisi kanye ne-mail spool ngokusebenzisa ifulegi elithi -r elinomyalo: igama lomsebenzisi lomsebenzisi -r lomsebenzisi.

Ngilishintsha kanjani igama lami lomsebenzisi ku-Ubuntu?

Shintsha igama lomsebenzisi negama lomethuleli ku-Ubuntu

1. Shintsha igama lomsebenzisi. Esikrinini sokuqala cindezela u-Ctrl+Alt+F1. Ngena ngemvume usebenzisa igama lakho lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi.
2. Shintsha igama lomethuleli, okuyigama lekhompyutha. Thayipha umyalo olandelayo ukuze uhlele /etc/hostname usebenzisa umhleli wombhalo we-nano noma vi: sudo nano /etc/hostname. Susa igama elidala bese usetha igama elisha.
3. Shintsha iphasiwedi. passwd.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-useradd ne-Adduser?

i-useradd ingeyomdabu kanambambili ehlanganiswe nesistimu. Kodwa, i-adduser iskripthi se-perl esisebenzisa i-useradd kanambambili ekugcineni. I-adduser isebenziseka kalula futhi iyasebenzisana kune-back-end useradd . Awukho umehluko ezicini ezinikeziwe.

Ngiyisebenzisa kanjani inqubomgomo yephasiwedi ku-Ubuntu?

Ukusetha ubude bephasiwedi obuncane, engeza i-minlen=N (N iyinombolo) ekupheleni kwalo mugqa. Ukuze ukhubaze ukuhlola okuyinkimbinkimbi, susa "okungacacile" kulowo mugqa. Ngemva kwalokho, cindezela u-Ctrl+X bese uthayipha u-Y ukuze ulondoloze izinguquko bese ekugcineni ucindezela u-Enter ukuze uphume ukuhlela. Ngemva kwakho konke, shintsha iphasiwedi yakho ngokusebenzisa i-passwd USERNAME umyalo.

Uyini umsebenzisi ku-Linux?

I-Linux iyisistimu yokusebenza enabasebenzisi abaningi, okusho ukuthi abasebenzisi abangaphezu koyedwa bangasebenzisa i-Linux ngesikhathi esisodwa. I-Linux inikeza indlela enhle yokuphatha abasebenzisi ohlelweni. Enye yezindima ezibaluleke kakhulu zomlawuli wesistimu ukuphatha abasebenzisi namaqembu ohlelweni.

Uyini umyalo wokuhlola abasebenzisi ku-Linux?

Thola Uhlu Lwabo Bonke Abasebenzisi usebenzisa /etc/passwd File

• Imininingwane yomsebenzisi wendawo igcinwa kufayela /etc/passwd.
• Uma ufuna ukubonisa kuphela igama lomsebenzisi ungasebenzisa i-awk noma imiyalo yokusika ukuze uphrinte kuphela inkambu yokuqala equkethe igama lomsebenzisi:
• Ukuthola uhlu lwabo bonke abasebenzisi be-Linux thayipha umyalo olandelayo:

Iyini imiyalo ye-Sudo?

Umyalo we-sudo. Umyalo we-sudo ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise izinhlelo ngamalungelo okuphepha womunye umsebenzisi (ngokuzenzakalelayo, njengomsebenzisi omkhulu). Ikutshela iphasiwedi yakho yomuntu siqu futhi iqinisekisa isicelo sakho sokwenza umyalo ngokubheka ifayela, elibizwa ngokuthi sudoers, elimiswa ngumlawuli wesistimu.

Ithini iphasiwedi ye-sudo ye-Ubuntu?

Uma ufuna ukuphakamisa yonke leyo seshini yomyalo ukuze ukhiphe amalungelo ohlobo lwe-'sudo su', usazodinga ukufaka iphasiwedi ku-akhawunti yakho. Iphasiwedi ye-Sudo igama eliyimfihlo olifakile ekufakweni kwe-ubuntu/password yakho yomsebenzisi, uma ungenayo i-password vele uchofoze u-enter nhlobo.

Ithini iphasiwedi ye-sudo ku-terminal?

Ngemva kokufaka umyalo, Itheminali ikucela ukuthi ufake iphasiwedi ye-akhawunti yakho. Uma ukhohlwe iphasiwedi yakho noma i-akhawunti yakho ingenayo iphasiwedi, engeza noma shintsha iphasiwedi yakho kokuncanyelwayo Kwabasebenzisi Namaqembu. Ngemuva kwalokho ungakhipha imiyalo ye-sudo ku-Terminal. Itheminali ayibonisi iphasiwedi njengoba uthayipha.