Ngiyithola kanjani imigqa yokuqala eyi-100 yefayela ku-Linux?

Ngiyithola kanjani imigqa yokuqala eyi-100 ku-Linux?

Thayipha umyalo wekhanda olandelayo ukuze ubonise imigqa yokuqala eyi-10 yefayela elibizwa ngokuthi “bar.txt”:

1. ikhanda -10 bar.txt.
2. ikhanda -20 bar.txt.
3. sed -n 1,10p /etc/group.
4. sed -n 1,20p /etc/group.
5. awk 'FNR <= 10' /etc/passwd.
6. awk 'FNR <= 20' /etc/passwd.
7. perl -ne'1..10 bese uphrinta' /etc/passwd.
8. perl -ne'1..20 bese uphrinta' /etc/passwd.

18 unyaka. 2018 г.

Ngiyikhombisa kanjani imigqa yokuqala eyi-10 yefayela ku-Linux?

Ukubheka imigqa embalwa yokuqala yefayela, thayipha igama lefayela lenhloko, lapho igama lefayela kuyigama lefayela ofuna ukulibuka, bese ucindezela . Ngokuzenzakalelayo, ikhanda likukhombisa imigqa yokuqala eyi-10 yefayela. Ungakushintsha lokhu ngokuthayipha igama lefayela elithi head -number, lapho inombolo iyinombolo yemigqa ofuna ukuyibona.

Ngiwenza kanjani umugqa wokuqala wefayela ku-Linux?

ikhanda -n10 igama lefayela | grep ... ikhanda lizokhipha imigqa yokuqala eyi-10 (usebenzisa inketho ethi -n), bese ungaphayipha lokho okukhiphayo ku-grep . Ungasebenzisa umugqa olandelayo: ikhanda -n 10 /path/to/file | grep […]

Uwuthola kanjani umugqa efayeleni ku-Linux?

I-Grep iyithuluzi lomugqa womyalo we-Linux / Unix elisetshenziselwa ukucinga uchungechunge lwezinhlamvu efayeleni elishiwo. Iphethini yokusesha umbhalo ibizwa ngokuthi isisho esivamile. Uma ithola okufanayo, iphrinta umugqa nomphumela. Umyalo we-grep uyasebenza lapho usesha amafayela amakhulu welogi.

Ngilikhombisa kanjani inani lemigqa efayeleni ku-Unix?

Ungabala kanjani imigqa efayeleni ku-UNIX/Linux

1. Umyalo othi “wc -l” uma usetshenziswa kuleli fayela, ukhipha isibalo somugqa kanye negama lefayela. $ wc -l file01.txt 5 file01.txt.
2. Ukuze ukhiphe igama lefayela kumphumela, sebenzisa: $ wc -l < ​​file01.txt 5.
3. Ungakwazi njalo ukunikeza okukhipha umyalo kumyalo we-wc usebenzisa ipayipi. Ngokwesibonelo:

Ngiyikopisha kanjani imigqa yokugcina eyi-10 ku-Linux?

1. ukubala inombolo yemigqa efayeleni, kusetshenziswa `ikati f. txt | wc -l` bese usebenzisa ikhanda nomsila epayipini ukuze uphrinte imigqa yokugcina engu-81424 yefayela (imigqa #totallines-81424-1 kuya ku-#totallines).

Imuphi umyalo osetshenziswayo ukubonisa imigqa yokuqala eyi-10 yesiqalo sefayela?

Umyalo wekhanda, njengoba negama lisho, phrinta inombolo ephezulu engu-N yedatha yokokufaka okunikeziwe. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, iphrinta imigqa yokuqala eyi-10 yamafayela ashiwo. Uma kunikezwe igama lefayela elingaphezu kwelilodwa khona-ke idatha evela kufayela ngalinye yandulelwa igama lefayela layo.

Ngiyibona kanjani imigqa yokugcina eyi-10 yefayela ku-Unix?

I-syntax yomyalo we-Linux tail

Umsila umyalo ophrinta inombolo yokugcina embalwa yemigqa (imigqa eyi-10 ngokuzenzakalelayo) yefayela elithile, bese uyanqamula. Isibonelo sokuqala: Ngokuzenzakalelayo “umsila” uphrinta imigqa yokugcina eyi-1 yefayela, bese uyaphuma. njengoba ubona, lokhu kuphrinta imigqa yokugcina eyi-10 ye/var/log/messages.

Yimuphi umyalo osetshenziselwa ukukhomba amafayela?

Yilokho kuphela! umyalo wefayela uyisisetshenziswa esiwusizo se-Linux sokunquma uhlobo lwefayela ngaphandle kwesandiso.

Ngiyenza kanjani imigqa elandelayo eyi-10?

Ungasebenzisa okuthi -B kanye -A ukuze uphrinte imigqa ngaphambi nangemuva komdlalo. Izophrinta imigqa engu-10 ngaphambi komdlalo, kuhlanganise nomugqa ofanayo ngokwawo. Futhi uma udinga ukuphrinta imigqa engu-10 yomongo ophumayo oholayo nolandelayo. -Inani -after-context=num Phrinta inombolo yemigqa yomongo olandelayo ngemva kokuqhathanisa imigqa.

Kuyini ukusetshenziswa kwe-awk ku-Linux?

I-Awk iyinsiza eyenza umhleli akwazi ukubhala izinhlelo ezincane kodwa eziphumelelayo ngendlela yezitatimende ezichaza amaphethini ombhalo okufanele aseshwe kulayini ngamunye wedokhumenti kanye nesenzo okufanele sithathwe lapho okufanayo kutholakala ngaphakathi umugqa. I-Awk isetshenziswa kakhulu ukuskena iphethini nokucubungula.

Uyihlanganisa kanjani imigqa embalwa?

Ku-BSD noma i-GNU grep ungasebenzisa -B num ukuze usethe ukuthi mingaki imigqa ngaphambi komdlalo kanye -Inani lenombolo yemigqa ngemva komdlalo. Uma ufuna inombolo efanayo yemigqa ngaphambi nangemuva ungasebenzisa -C num . Lokhu kuzobonisa imigqa emi-3 ngaphambi nangemuva kwemi-3.

Ngiwenza kanjani umugqa efayeleni?

Umyalo we-grep usesha ifayela, ufuna okufanayo nephethini eshiwo. Ukuyisebenzisa thayipha grep , bese iphethini esiyicingayo futhi ekugcineni igama lefayela (noma amafayela) esisesha kulo. Okukhiphayo imigqa emithathu efayeleni equkethe izinhlamvu ezithi 'hhayi'.

Ngilithola kanjani ifolda ku-Linux?

Udinga ukusebenzisa umyalo wokuthola. Isetshenziselwa ukuthola amafayela ku-Linux noma kusistimu efana ne-Unix. Umyalo we-locate uzosesha kusizindalwazi esakhiwe ngaphambilini samafayela akhiqizwe i-updatedb. Umyalo wokuthola uzocinga isistimu yefayela ebukhoma ukuze uthole amafayela afana nenqubo yokusesha.

Ngiwucinga kanjani umbhalo kuwo wonke amafayela ku-Linux?

Ukuze uthole amafayela aqukethe umbhalo othile ku-Linux, yenza okulandelayo.

1. Vula uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza lwetheminali oluthandayo. Itheminali ye-XFCE4 yinto engiyithandayo.
2. Zulazula (uma kudingeka) uye kufolda ozosesha kuyo amafayela ngombhalo othile.
3. Thayipha umyalo olandelayo: grep -iRl “your-text-to-find” ./

4 isiqephu. 2017 g.