Ngingazifaki kanjani izihloko ku-Unix?
Okusho ukuthi, uma ufuna ukweqa imigqa engu-N, wena qala umugqa wokuphrinta ongu-N+1. Isibonelo: $ tail -n +11 /tmp/myfile < /tmp/myfile, eqala kulayini 11, noma yeqa imigqa yokuqala eyi-10. >
Ngeqa kanjani unhlokweni nonyaweni ku-Unix?
Ungawasusa kanjani amarekhodi enhlokweni naphansi wefayela eliyisicaba usebenzisa umbhalo wegobolondo we-UNIX?
- #Ukuze ususe irekhodi lokuqala efayelini lokuqala.
- sed -i '1d' FF_EMP.txt.
- A
- A
- #Ukuze udale ifayela elisha elikhishwe unhlokweni.
- sed '1d' FF_EMP.txt > FF_EMP_NEW.txt.
- A
Ngingazifaki kanjani izihloko ku-awk?
Umyalo olandelayo othi `awk` usebenzisa i '-F' inketho kanye ne-NR kanye ne-NF ukuphrinta amagama ezincwadi ngemva kokweqa incwadi yokuqala. Inketho ethi '-F' isetshenziselwa ukwehlukanisa okuqukethwe kwesisekelo sefayela ku-t. I-NR isetshenziselwa ukweqa umugqa wokuqala, futhi i-NF isetshenziselwa ukuphrinta ikholomu yokuqala kuphela.
Uweqa kanjani umugqa ku-Linux?
Uma usuvele uku-vi, ungasebenzisa umyalo we-goto. Ukuze wenze lokhu, cindezela u-Esc, thayipha inombolo yomugqa, bese ucindezela u-Shift-g . Uma ucindezela u-Esc bese u-Shift-g ngaphandle kokucacisa inombolo yomugqa, kuzokuyisa kulayini wokugcina efayelini.
Iyini i-NR kumyalo we-awk?
I-NR iyi-variable eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ye-AWK futhi yona isho inombolo yamarekhodi asetshenzwayo. Ukusetshenziswa : I-NR ingasetshenziswa kubhulokhi yesenzo imele inombolo yomugqa ocutshungulwayo futhi uma isetshenziswa kokuthi END ingaphrinta inombolo yemigqa ecutshungulwe ngokuphelele. Isibonelo : Ukusebenzisa i-NR ukuphrinta inombolo yomugqa kufayela usebenzisa i-AWK.
Ngiyisusa kanjani imigqa yokuqala eyi-10 ku-Unix?
Isebenza kanjani:
- -i inketho hlela ifayela ngokwalo. Ungase futhi ususe leyo nketho bese uqondisa kabusha okukhiphayo efayeleni elisha noma komunye umyalo uma ufuna.
- 1d isusa umugqa wokuqala ( 1 ukwenza kuphela kulayini wokuqala, d ukuwususa)
- I-$d isusa umugqa wokugcina ( $ ukwenza kuphela kulayini wokugcina, d ukuwususa)
Uwususa kanjani umugqa wokuqala ku-Unix?
Ukususa uhlamvu emugqeni
- Susa amashadi amabili okuqala ku-lin sed 's/^..//'.
- Susa ama-chrecter amabili okugcina emugqeni wefayela le-sed 's/..$//'.
- Susa umugqa ongenalutho ifayela le-sed '/^$/d'.
Uyini umyalo we-awk Unix?
Awk ulimi lokubhala olusetshenziselwa ukukhohlisa idatha kanye nokukhiqiza imibiko. Ulimi lokuhlela lomyalo we-awk aludingi ukuhlanganiswa, futhi luvumela umsebenzisi ukuthi asebenzise okuguquguqukayo, imisebenzi yezinombolo, imisebenzi yezintambo, nama-opharetha anengqondo. … I-Awk isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuskena iphethini nokucubungula.
Ubala kanjani i-awk?
Isibonelo sesi-3: Imigqa yokubala namagama
- “QALA{count=0}”: Iqalisa isibali sethu ku-0. …
- “//{count++}”: Lokhu kufana nolayini ngamunye futhi kwenyusa isibali ngo-1 (njengoba sibonile esibonelweni sangaphambilini, lokhu kungase futhi kubhalwe kalula ngokuthi “{count++}”
- “END{print “Total:",count,“lines”}“: Iphrinta umphumela esikrinini.
Uziba kanjani ku-awk?
Uma ufuna ukuziba ibhulokhi yemigqa elandelanayo, i-awk inendawo elula yalokho: engeza /^IDATHA ENGAYIRELEVEN/,/^END/ {okulandelayo} phezulu kwe umbhalo wokuziba yonke imigqa eqala ngokuthi IRRELEEVENT DATA (sic) kanye nemigqa elandelayo kuze kube umugqa wokuqala oqala ngokuthi END .
Isebenza kanjani i-grep ku-Linux?
I-Grep iwumyalo we-Linux / Unix-ithuluzi lomugqa elisetshenziselwa ukucinga uchungechunge lwezinhlamvu efayeleni elishiwo. Iphethini yokusesha umbhalo ibizwa ngokuthi isisho esivamile. Uma ithola okufanayo, iphrinta umugqa nomphumela. Umyalo we-grep uyasebenza lapho usesha amafayela amakhulu welogi.
Ingabe i-grep iyayisekela i-regex?
I-Grep Regular Expression
Isisho esivamile noma i-regex iyiphethini efana nesethi yeyunithi yezinhlamvu. … GNU I-grep isekela ama-syntaxes amathathu avamile wenkulumo, Okuyisisekelo, Okunwetshiwe, nokuhambisana ne-Perl. Ngendlela yayo elula, lapho kungekho uhlobo lwesisho oluvamile olunikezwayo, i-grep ihumusha amaphethini okusesha njengezinkulumo ezivamile eziyisisekelo.
Iyini ukusetshenziswa komyalo wekhanda ku-Linux?
Umyalo wekhanda ubhala okukhiphayo okujwayelekile inombolo ethile yemigqa noma amabhayithi efayela ngalinye elishiwo, noma okokufaka okujwayelekile. Uma lingekho ifulegi elishiwo ngomyalo wekhanda, imigqa yokuqala eyi-10 iboniswa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Ipharamitha yefayela icacisa amagama amafayela okufakwayo.