Izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuqala zathuthukiswa ngeminyaka yawo-1950, lapho amakhompyutha ayekwazi ukusebenzisa uhlelo olulodwa kuphela ngesikhathi. Kamuva emashumini eminyaka alandelayo, amakhompiyutha aqala ukufaka izinhlelo eziningi ze-software, ngezinye izikhathi ezibizwa ngokuthi imitapo yolwazi, ezahlangana ukuze zenze ukuqala kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zanamuhla.
Kungani kwakhiwe isistimu yokusebenza?
Ngenxa yokuthi ikhompuyutha ingasebenza ngokushesha kakhulu kunokuba umdwebi wezinhlelo angalayisha noma akhiphe itheyiphu noma amakhadi, ikhompuyutha yachitha isikhathi esiningi ingenzi lutho.. Ukuze kunqotshwe lesi sikhathi sokungenzi lutho esibizayo, kwaklanywa amasistimu wokusebenza (i-OS) wokuqala.
Ubani owasungula isistimu yokusebenza yokuqala?
Isistimu yokusebenza yokuqala eyathengiswa kanye nekhompyutha yasungulwa ngu IBM ngo-1964 ukusebenzisa ikhompuyutha yayo ye-mainframe.
Iyiphi isistimu yokusebenza yokuqala eyakhiwe?
Isistimu yokusebenza yokuqala esetshenziselwa umsebenzi wangempela kwaba GM-NAA I/O, ekhiqizwe ngo-1956 yi-General Motors' Research division ye-IBM 704. Iningi lamanye amasistimu okusebenza okuqala e-IBM mainframes nawo akhiqizwa ngamakhasimende.
Iyini isistimu yokusebenza engu-5?
Ezinhlanu zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezivame kakhulu IMicrosoft Windows, Apple macOS, Linux, Android ne-Apple iOS.
Ubani owenza amasistimu okusebenza?
Namuhla abambalwa kakhulu abazi umsunguli we-Disk Operating System (DOS) Gary Kildall. I-DOS yaqhubeka yashintsha yaba amasistimu Okusebenza esiwasebenzisa sonke namuhla. Ngaphambi kokusungulwa kwakhe, yonke i-chip yekhompiyutha yayidinga ukuba nesethi yayo yamakhodi ukuze abasebenzisi basebenzisane nekhompyutha.
Yayiyini isistimu yokusebenza yeWindows yokuqala?
Inguqulo yokuqala ye-Windows, eyakhululwa ngo-1985, yayilula i-GUI inikezwa njengesandiso sesistimu yokusebenza yediski ekhona ye-Microsoft, noma i-MS-DOS.
Yiziphi izinhlelo zokusebenza zakamuva?
I-Microsoft idale isistimu yokusebenza ye-Windows maphakathi nawo-1980s. Kube nezinguqulo eziningi ezahlukene zeWindows, kodwa ezakamuva kakhulu Windows 10 (ikhishwe ngo-2015), i-Windows 8 (2012), i-Windows 7 (2009), ne-Windows Vista (2007).
Iyiphi isistimu yokusebenza ethathwa njengendala kakhulu esasetshenziswa nanamuhla?
Ngokusho kwekholomu, I-MOCAS okwamanje kukholakala ukuthi wuhlelo lwekhompiyutha oludala kakhulu emhlabeni olusasetshenziswa. Kubonakala sengathi i-MOCAS (Mechanisation of Contract Administration Services) isasetshenziswa uMnyango Wezokuvikela wase-United States osebenza ku-IBM 2098 model E-10 mainframe.
Iyiphi i-OS esheshayo?
Ekuqaleni kwawo-2000, i-Linux yayinobunye ubuthakathaka obuningi mayelana nokusebenza, kodwa konke kubonakala sengathi sekwesuliwe manje. Inguqulo yakamuva ye-Ubuntu yi-18 futhi isebenzisa i-Linux 5.0, futhi ayinabo ubuthakathaka bokusebenza obusobala. I-kernel isebenza ibonakala ishesha kakhulu kuwo wonke amasistimu wokusebenza.
Iyiphi i-OS eshesha i-Linux noma iWindows?
Iqiniso lokuthi iningi lama-supercomputers asheshayo emhlabeni asebenzayo Linux kungabalwa ijubane layo. … I-Linux isebenza ngokushesha kune-Windows 8.1 kanye ne-Windows 10 kanye nendawo yesimanje yedeskithophu kanye nezimfanelo zesistimu yokusebenza kuyilapho amawindi ehamba kancane kuma-hardware amadala.