Impendulo Esheshayo: Isebenza Kanjani I-Linux?

izinyathelo

• Jwayelana nohlelo.
• Hlola izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha zakho nge-“Live CD” ehlinzekwa ngokusatshalaliswa okuningi kwe-Linux.
• Zama imisebenzi ovamise ukuyisebenzisela ikhompuyutha yakho.
• Funda ukusatshalaliswa kwe-Linux.
• Cabangela i-dual-booting.
• Faka isofthiwe.
• Funda ukusebenzisa (futhi ujabulele ukusebenzisa) isixhumi esibonakalayo somugqa womyalo.

Ungayifaka kanjani i-Ubuntu Linux usebenzisa i-Hyper-V Windows 10

• Ku-Hyper-V Manager, ngaphansi koMshini Obonakalayo, chofoza kwesokudla idivayisi esanda kwakhiwa, bese ukhetha Xhuma.
• Chofoza inkinobho ethi Qala (amandla).
• Khetha ulimi lwakho.
• Chofoza inkinobho ethi Faka Ubuntu.

Ake siqale ngokufaka i-Linux kufoni ye-Android:

• Isinyathelo 1: Ukufakwa kwe-GNURoot kusuka ku-Google Play Isitolo. Isinyathelo sokuqala nesibalulekile ukufaka uhlelo lokusebenza lwamahhala lwe-Android i-GNURoot kuhlelo lwakho lokusebenza lwe-Android.
• Isinyathelo sesi-2: Khetha uhlelo lokusebenza lomsizi we-Linux distro.
• Isinyathelo sesi-3: Khetha i-Linux distro bese uqalisa.
• Isinyathelo sesi-4: Isilungele ukusetshenziswa.

Ukuze uqalise, landa futhi ufake i-VMware Player yamahhala kudeskithophu yakho ye-Windows. Bese ulanda isithombe se-VMware se-Ubuntu bese ukhipha ifayela le-zip (ngisebenzisa i-PeaZip). Manje chofoza kabili ifayela le-Ubuntu.vmx osanda kulikhipha futhi umshini we-Linux virtual uzolayisha ngaphakathi kwe-VMWare Player. Kulula!Qiniseka ukuthi i-BIOS yekhompyutha yakho isethwe ukuthi iqale kumadivayisi e-USB bese ufaka idrayivu ye-USB flash embobeni ye-USB 2.0. Vula ikhompuyutha yakho futhi uyibuke iqala kumenyu yokuqalisa isifaki. Isinyathelo sesi-2: Kumenyu yokuqalisa isifaki, khetha "Run Ubuntu kule USB."Zama Ubuntu Linux!

• Shiya ukhiye wakho we-USB ufakwe embobeni ye-USB ku-Mac yakho.
• Chofoza kusithonjana se-Apple phezulu kwesokunxele kubha yakho yemenyu.
• Khetha ukuqala kabusha.
• Uma uzwa umsindo ojwayelekile othi “Bing” cindezela bese ubamba ukhiye we-alt/option.
• Uzobona "Isiphathi Sokuqalisa" futhi manje ungakhetha ukuqala kudiski ye-EFI Boot.

Ukuze usebenzise i-Linux VM kusiqukathi se-Chrome OS, okwamanje kufanele:

• Iba ne-Pixelbook.
• Yiba Kusiteshi sikaDev.
• Nika amandla ifulegi lokuhlola elingu-#enable-cross-container.
• Vula itheminali ye-crosh ngokucindezela u-ctrl+alt+t.
• Qalisa imiyalo emibili elandelayo:
• vmc qala i-dev.
• run_container.sh -container_name=stretch -user= -igobolondo.

Qalisa Ubuntu Live

• Qiniseka ukuthi i-BIOS yekhompyutha yakho isethwe ukuthi iqale kumadivayisi e-USB bese ufaka i-USB flash drive embobeni ye-USB 2.0.
• Kumenyu yokuqalisa isifaki, khetha “Qalisa Ubuntu kule USB.”
• Uzobona Ubuntu buqala futhi ekugcineni uthole ideskithophu ye-Ubuntu.

Uma wenza inkumbulo ye-USB ebhuthayo nge-iso bukhoma/yokufaka, qalisa kusistimu ebukhoma, vula iwindi letheminali (imvamisa u-Ctrl+Alt+T ku-Ubuntu), faka ikhadi le-SD, futhi ubone ukuthi isiphi isiphetho somsila we-dmesg esisibonisa yona. . Uma ikhombisa njengesitoreji esikhulu se-usb kufanele ukwazi ukuqala kuso.Faka iklayenti leSteam leLinux:

• Landa iphakheji ye-steam_latest.deb kusuka kule ndawo.
• Vula imenenja yefayela eyisithombe (ye-Ubuntu 12.04, chofoza isithonjana sefolda kubha yokwethulwa kwe-Unity).
• Zulazulela kuhla lwemibhalo oluqukethe i-steam_latest.deb bese uyichofoza kabili.

Amanye amaLaptops amahle kakhulu weLinux

• I-Dell XPS 9350-1340SLV 13.3 Intshi yeLaptop.
• I-Lenovo ThinkPad X1 Carbon (5th Gen)
• I-Acer Aspire 5, 15.6″ HD Egcwele, 8th Gen.
• I-Pop!_OS 17.10 (64-bit)
• I-Lenovo ThinkPad T460 Business Class Ultrabook.
• Apple 13″ MacBook Pro, Retina Display.
• I-System76 Lemur 14″ I-laptop.
• UDell Precision 5520.

Ngiwusebenzisa kanjani umyalo ku-Linux?

Ukuze usebenzise ifayela le-.sh (ku-Linux naku-iOS) kumugqa womyalo, vele ulandele lezi zinyathelo ezimbili:

1. vula i-terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T), bese ungena kufolda engavaliwe (usebenzisa umyalo cd /your_url)
2. sebenzisa ifayela ngomyalo olandelayo.

Ingabe i-Linux inzima ukufunda?

Ake ngiphendule: "Kungani iLinux ilukhuni kangaka ukuyifunda" umbuzo ovuleke kakhulu. Uma uthathe i-Linux njenge-kernel khona-ke ukufunda i-linux kernel kulula kunokufunda iWindows noma i-Mach kernel (lokho kukhawulelwe ezakhiweni zeMicrosoft ne-Apple kuphela). Ukufunda i-Linux ngokuqinisekile kunzima kunokufunda i-Mac OS noma i-Windows OS.

Iyiphi i-Linux OS engcono kakhulu yabaqalayo?

I-Linux distro ehamba phambili yabaqalayo:

• Ubuntu : Okokuqala ohlwini lwethu - Ubuntu, okwamanje okudume kakhulu ukusatshalaliswa kweLinux kwabaqalayo kanye nakubasebenzisi abanolwazi.
• I-Linux Mint. I-Linux Mint, enye i-Linux distro edumile yabaqalayo esekelwe ku-Ubuntu.
• i-OS yokuqala.
• IZorin OS.
• Pinguy OS.
• I-Manjaro Linux.
• I-Solus.
• Deepin.

Ngiqala kanjani i-Linux?

Izinyathelo Eziyisi-7 Zokuqala Umsebenzi Wakho we-Linux SysAdmin

1. Faka i-Linux. Kufanele icishe ihambe ngaphandle kokusho, kodwa ukhiye wokuqala wokufunda i-Linux ukufaka i-Linux.
2. Thenga i-LFS101x. Uma umusha ngokuphelele ku-Linux, indawo engcono kakhulu ongaqala kuyo i-LFS101x yethu yamahhala Isingeniso sesifundo se-Linux.
3. Bheka ku-LFS201.
4. Zijwayeze!
5. Thola Isitifiketi.
6. Bandakanya.

Ngisisebenzisa kanjani iskripthi ku-Linux?

Izinyathelo zokubhala nokwenza iskripthi

• Vula ukuphela. Iya enkombeni lapho ufuna ukudala khona umbhalo wakho.
• Dala ifayela ngesandiso se-.sh.
• Bhala iskripthi kufayela usebenzisa isihleli.
• Yenza iskripthi sisebenze ngomyalo chmod +x .
• Qalisa iskripthi usebenzisa ./ .

Ngiwusebenzisa kanjani umyalo ku-Terminal?

Amathiphu

1. Cindezela okuthi “Enter” kukhibhodi ngemva kwawo wonke umyalo owufaka ku-Terminal.
2. Ungakwazi futhi ukwenza ifayela ngaphandle kokushintsha uhla lwemibhalo yalo ngokucacisa indlela egcwele. Thayipha okuthi “/path/to/NameOfFile” ngaphandle kwezimpawu zokucaphuna ngomyalo womyalo. Khumbula ukusetha ibhithi esebenzisekayo usebenzisa umyalo we-chmod kuqala.

Ingabe i-Linux inzima ukusebenzisa kuneWindows?

Kunomehluko obalulekile phakathi kwe-Linux, iWindows, ne-macOS engenza i-Linux ibonakale inzima kakhulu kuneWindows noma i-macOS. Iqiniso lokuthi i-Linux iyithuluzi elifanele umsebenzi ohlukile kunalokho okudingwa iningi labasebenzisi bamakhompyutha. I-Linux ayakhelwe ukuthi ibe isistimu yokusebenza yedeskithophu.

Ingabe ukufunda i-Linux kuyakufanelekela?

Inganekwane yesi-3: Akufanelekile ukufunda i-Linux ngoba izinkampani eziningi zisebenzisa iWindows. Inganekwane yesi-4: Amabhizinisi awakwazi ukwenza imali nge-Linux ngoba imahhala. Namuhla ine-GUI enembile kakhulu (i-graphical interface yomsebenzisi) efana naleyo eku-Macintosh ne-Microsoft Windows futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa njengalezo zinhlelo zokusebenza.

Ingabe kubalulekile ukufunda i-Linux?

I-Linux iphakeme kunezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana ne-Unix ngezindlela eziningi. I-Microsoft Windows isewumndeni osetshenziswa kakhulu wezinhlelo zokusebenza zekhompyutha. Kodwa-ke, i-Linux inikeza futhi izinzuzo ezibalulekile ngaphezu kwazo, futhi ngaleyo ndlela izinga lokukhula kwayo emhlabeni wonke liyashesha kakhulu.

Iyiphi i-Linux elula ukuyisebenzisa?

I-Linux Distros engcono kakhulu yabaqalayo

• Ubuntu. Uma ucwaninge i-Linux ku-inthanethi, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi uhlangane no-Ubuntu.
• I-Linux Mint Cinnamon. I-Linux Mint iyinombolo yokuqala yokusatshalaliswa kweLinux ku-Distrowatch.
• IZorin OS.
• I-OS yokuqala.
• I-Linux Mint Mate.
• I-Manjaro Linux.

Kungani i-Linux ingcono kuneWindows?

I-Linux izinze kakhulu kuneWindows, ingasebenza iminyaka eyi-10 ngaphandle kwesidingo Sokuqalisa kabusha okukodwa. I-Linux ingumthombo ovulekile futhi Imahhala ngokuphelele. I-Linux ivikeleke kakhulu kune-Windows OS, i-Windows malwares ayisebenzi i-Linux futhi Amagciwane mancane kakhulu ku-linux uma eqhathaniswa ne-Windows.

Ingabe Windows 10 ingcono kuneLinux?

IWindows ayivikeleki kancane uma iqhathaniswa neLinux njengoba Amagciwane, abaduni, kanye nohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha kuthinta amawindi ngokushesha okukhulu. I-Linux inokusebenza okuhle. Iyashesha kakhulu, iyashesha futhi ibushelelezi ngisho naku-hardware endala. Windows 10 ihamba kancane uma iqhathaniswa ne-Linux ngenxa yokusebenzisa ama-batches ku-backend futhi idinga i-hardware enhle ukuze isebenze.

Ingabe ngidinga i-Linux?

I-Linux isebenzisa kahle kakhulu izinsiza zesistimu. Ukufakwa kwe-Linux kungenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo kubasebenzisi kanye nezimfuneko ezithile zehadiwe. Mahhala: I-Linux imahhala ngokuphelele futhi abasebenzisi abadingi ukukhokhela noma yini. Wonke ama-software ayisisekelo adingwa umsebenzisi ojwayelekile ngisho nomsebenzisi oseqophelweni eliphezulu ayatholakala.

Yini engingayifunda ku-Linux?

Uzothola ukufunda:

1. Finyelela kulayini womyalo.
2. Phatha amafayela emugqeni womyalo.
3. Dala, buka, futhi hlela amafayela ombhalo.
4. Phatha abasebenzisi bendawo be-Linux namaqembu.
5. Gada futhi uphathe izinqubo ze-Linux.
6. Faka futhi ubuyekeze isofthiwe.

Yenzani i-Linux sysadmin?

Umlawuli wesistimu ufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isikhathi esengeziwe, ukusebenza, izinsiza, nokuphepha kwamakhompiyutha abawaphetheyo ahlangabezana nezidingo zabasebenzisi, ngaphandle kokweqa isabelomali esimisiwe lapho enza kanjalo.

Ngisisebenzisa kanjani iskripthi se-ksh ku-Linux?

I-1 Phendula

• qiniseka ukuthi i-ksh ifakwe kahle ku-/bin/ksh.
• ukuze usebenzise iskripthi sisuka kumugqa womyalo ./script ohlwini lwemibhalo lapho umbhalo ukhona.
• Uma ufuna ukwenza isikripthi kunoma iyiphi inkomba ngaphandle kwesiqalo esithi ./, kufanele wengeze indlela eya esikriphweni sakho kokuguquguquka kwemvelo ye-PATH, engeza lo mugqa.

Ngilisebenzisa kanjani ifayela le-.sh kuTheminali?

Indlela ochwepheshe abakwenza ngayo

1. Vula Izicelo -> Izesekeli -> Isikhumulo.
2. Thola lapho ifayela le-.sh. Sebenzisa imiyalo ye-ls ne-cd. ls izoklelisa amafayela namafolda kufolda yamanje. Izame: thayipha okuthi “ls” bese ucindezela u-Enter.
3. Qalisa ifayela le-.sh. Uma usukwazi ukubona isibonelo script1.sh nge ls sebenzisa lokhu: ./script.sh.

Ngilisebenzisa kanjani ifayela le-batch ku-Linux?

Amafayela enqwaba angaqhutshwa ngokuthayipha okuthi “qala FILENAME.bat”. Ngokunye, thayipha okuthi “wine cmd” ukuze usebenzise i-Windows-Console kutheminali ye-Linux. Uma ikugobolondo le-Linux lomdabu, amafayela enqwaba angenziwa ngokuthayipha okuthi “wine cmd.exe /c FILENAME.bat” noma yiziphi izindlela ezilandelayo.

Ngilisebenzisa kanjani ifayela le-.PY kuTheminali?

I-Linux (ethuthukisiwe)[hlela]

• gcina uhlelo lwakho lwe-hello.py kufolda ethi ~/pythonpractice.
• Vula uhlelo lwetheminali.
• Thayipha i-cd ~/pythonpractice ukuze uguqule umkhombandlela kufolda yakho ye-pythonpractice, bese ushaya u-Enter.
• Thayipha okuthi chmod a+x hello.py ukuze utshele i-Linux ukuthi iwuhlelo olusebenzisekayo.
• Thayipha ./hello.py ukuze uqalise uhlelo lwakho!

Ngilisebenzisa kanjani ifayela le-bash?

Ukuze udale iskripthi se-bash, ubeka #!/bin/bash phezulu kwefayela. Ukuze usebenzise iskripthi ohlwini lwemibhalo lwamanje, ungasebenzisa ./scriptname futhi udlule noma yimiphi imingcele oyifisayo. Lapho igobolondo lisebenzisa iskripthi, lithola okuthi #!/path/to/interpreter .

Ngilisebenzisa kanjani ifayela le-Java ku-Terminal?

Vele ulandele lezi zinyathelo ezilula:

1. Kusuka ku-Terminal faka vula i-jdk sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk.
2. Bhala uhlelo lwe-java bese ulondoloza ifayela njenge-filename.java.
3. Manje ukuhlanganisa sebenzisa lo myalo kusuka ku-terminal javac filename. i-java.
4. Ukuze usebenzise uhlelo lwakho osanda kuluhlanganisa thayipha umyalo ongezansi ku-terminal: java filename.

Yiziphi izinzuzo zokufunda i-Linux?

Yiziphi izinzuzo zokufunda i-Linux

• 1 Linux isetshenziswa kumaseva amaningi. Amaseva amaningi ewebhu namaseva ahlinzeka ngamasevisi asebenzisa i-Linux.
• 2 Uzofunda ukuthi amasistimu wehadiwe asebenza kanjani.
• 3 Ithuba elingcono lokuthola umsebenzi.
• 4 Ungayisebenzisa wena mathupha.
• 5 Ungaphatha amawebhusayithi.
• 6 I-Linux ivikeleke kakhulu.
• I-7 Linux imahhala.
• 8 Indawo yokuthuthuka engcono.

Yini enhle kangaka ngeLinux?

I-Linux iyisistimu yokusebenza yomthombo ovulekile eyaziwa kakhulu futhi esetshenziswa kakhulu. Njengesistimu yokusebenza, i-Linux isofthiwe ehlala ngaphansi kwayo yonke enye isofthiwe kukhompuyutha, ithola izicelo ezivela kulezo zinhlelo futhi idlulisele lezi zicelo kuzingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha.

Iyini inzuzo ye-Linux?

Inzuzo ngaphezu kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana neWindows ukuthi amaphutha ezokuphepha ayabanjwa ngaphambi kokuthi abe yinkinga emphakathini. Ngenxa yokuthi i-Linux ayibusi emakethe njenge-Windows, kukhona ukungalungi ekusebenziseni uhlelo lokusebenza. Okokuqala, kunzima kakhulu ukuthola izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisekela izidingo zakho.

Liyini ifayela le-.sh ku-Linux?

sh amafayela we-unix (linux) wegobolondo elisebenzisekayo, alingana (kodwa anamandla kakhulu) wamafayela e-bat kumafasitela. Ngakho-ke udinga ukuyiqhuba usuka kukhonsoli ye-linux, vele uthayiphe igama layo ngendlela efanayo naleyo oyenza ngamafayela e-bat kumafasitela.

Ingabe ifayela le-bat lisebenza ku-Linux?

Lapho ifayela le-batch lisebenza, uhlelo lwegobolondo (ngokuvamile i-COMMAND.COM noma i-cmd.exe) lufunda ifayela futhi lenze imiyalo yalo, ngokuvamile ngomugqa ngomugqa. Amasistimu wokusebenza afana ne-Unix, njenge-Linux, anohlobo lwefayela olufanayo, kodwa oluguquguqukayo olubizwa ngokuthi i-shell script. Isandiso segama lefayela .bat sisetshenziswa ku-DOS naku-Windows.

Ngilisebenzisa kanjani ifayela le-batch kusuka kumyalo womyalo?

Ukuze usebenzise ifayela le-batch kusuka ku-Command Prompt, sebenzisa lezi zinyathelo.

1. Vula ukuqala.
2. Sesha i-Command Prompt, chofoza kwesokudla umphumela ophezulu, bese ukhetha inketho ethi Run njengomlawuli.
3. Thayipha indlela kanye negama lefayela leqoqo bese ucindezela u-Enter: C:\INDLELA\TO\FOLDER\BATCH-NAME.bat.

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