Zeziphi izixhobo ezichaphazela oomatshini bokwenene kwikhompyuter?
Umatshini wenyani (okanye “i-VM”) yinkqubo yekhompyutha eyenziweyo eyenziwe kusetyenziswa isoftwe.
Isebenzisa izixhobo zenkqubo ebonakalayo, njenge-CPU, i-RAM, kunye nokugcinwa kwediski, kodwa ibekwe yodwa kwenye isoftware ekwikhompyuter.
Ingenziwa ngokulula, iguqulwe, okanye itshatyalaliswe ngaphandle kokuchaphazela ikhompyuter yenginginya.
Ngawaphi amacandelo abaluleke kakhulu kwiseva ye-virtualization?
Izinto ezintathu eziphambili ekukhetheni umncedisi we-virtualization ziquka i-CPU, imemori kunye nenethiwekhi ye-I / O umthamo - zonke zibalulekile ekuhlanganiseni umthwalo womsebenzi. Imiba ye-CPU ibandakanya isantya sewotshi kunye nenani leentsimbi.
Leliphi elinye igama lohlobo loku-1 lwe-hypervisor?
I-Hypervisors ezifana ne-VMware ESXi, i-Microsoft Hyper-V iseva kunye nomthombo ovulekileyo we-KVM yimizekelo ye-Type 1 hypervisors.
Ndiwuvala njani umatshini weVMware onenyani?
Ukunyanzela umatshini wenyani ukuba ucime:
- Ukusuka kwibar yemenyu yeFusion, cofa uMatshini obonakalayo.
- Cofa kwaye ucinezele iqhosha elithi Khetha (Alt). Ukhetho lwemenu yoVala Phantsi utshintsho ukuya kuNyanzela ukuCima/Vala umbane.
- Cofa unyanzeliso Cima phantsi/Cima umbane.
Ngowuphi umatshini esebenza kuwo isoftware ye-virtualization eyaziwa ngokuba?
I-hypervisor okanye i-monitor ye-virtual machine (VMM) yikhompyutheni yekhompyutheni, i-firmware okanye i-hardware eyenza kwaye iqhube oomatshini benyani. Ikhompyuter apho i-hypervisor iqhuba umatshini omnye okanye ngaphezulu, ibizwa ngokuba ngumatshini wokusingathwa, kwaye umatshini ngamnye wenyani ubizwa ngokuba ngumatshini weendwendwe.
Ngaba umatshini wenyani ufuna i-antivirus?
Akukho mfuneko yokusebenzisa isoftware yokhuseleko kumatshini wenyani. QAPHELA: Ukuba usebenzisa umatshini wenyani ukwenza umsebenzi wokwenyani ngaphandle kovavanyo - ewe kufanele ukuba une-antivirus, kuba unokutsibela kumatshini oyintloko ukuba uhambisa ifayile apho.
Yintoni efunekayo kwi-virtualization?
Nangona kunjalo, iMicrosoft incoma ukuxhobisa iiseva kunye nobuncinci be-2 GB yememori. Ukujongana neemfuno zehardware ye-virtualization, kulula kakhulu ukuqhuba isicelo ngasinye kumatshini waso wenyani kunokuqikelela ukuba ingakanani imemori efunekayo.
Zeziphi iimfuneko zehardware zokwenziwa kwenyani?
Zeziphi iimfuno zehardware zomncedisi wokwenza izinto ezibonakalayo?
- ICPU. Izinto ezintathu ekufuneka uziqwalasele xa ukhetha i-hardware ye-virtualization ziquka i-CPU, imemori, kunye nomthamo we-I/O womnatha.
- Inkumbulo. Umatshini wakho wenyani uhlala kwinkumbulo.
- Ukufikelela kwiNethiwekhi. Qiniseka ukuba une-bandwidth eyaneleyo ekhoyo.
- Olunye Uqwalaselo lweSeva yakho yoKusebenza.
- Yintoni elandelayo?
Yeyiphi kwezi zilandelayo echaza ukwenziwa kwenyani komncedisi?
I-Server virtualization kukuvaleka kwemithombo yomncedisi, kubandakanywa inani kunye nesazisi somncedisi wenyama ngamnye, iiprosesa, kunye neenkqubo zokusebenza, ezivela kubasebenzisi beseva. Umphathi weseva usebenzisa usetyenziso lwesoftware ukwahlula iseva enye ebonakalayo kwiindawo ezininzi ezizimeleyo ezinenyani.
Ngaba iHyper V ngumzekelo we-hypervisor?
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-hypervisor. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-vSphere okanye i-Hyper-V. Chwetheza i-hypervisors ye-2 isebenza njengomaleko wesoftware ngaphezulu kwenkqubo yokusebenza yomkhosi kwaye ihlala ibizwa ngokuba "yi-hosted" hypervisors njengeVMware Player okanye iParallels Desktop.
Ngaba i-VirtualBox luHlobo loku-1 lwe-hypervisor?
I-VirtualBox yi-Type 2 hypervisor. Oko kuthetha ukuba yisoftware ye-virtualization host esebenza njengesicelo kwinkqubo esebenzayo. Kungenjalo, i-Type 1 hypervisor yinkqubo yesoftware esebenza kwinto eyaziwa ngokuba “yintsimbi engenanto,” igama elithetha ukuba kwikhompyuter ngaphandle kwenkqubo yokusebenza.
Ngowuphi umzekelo we-hypervisor?
Imizekelo yolu hlobo lwe-hypervisor ibandakanya i-VMware Fusion, i-Oracle Virtual Box, i-Oracle VM ye-x86, i-Solaris Zones, i-Parallels kunye ne-VMware Workstation. Ngokwahlukileyo, i-Type 1 hypervisor (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-hypervisor yentsimbi engenanto) ifakwe ngokuthe ngqo kwi-hardware ye-server ye-host host njengenkqubo yokusebenza.
Ndiwuvala njani umatshini wenyani?
Khubaza iMigcele yoomatshini bokwenene
- Ngena kuMphathi weHyper-V kwaye ukhethe iVM yakho.
- Khetha i-SettingsHardwareNetwork AdapterHardware Acceleration.
- Phantsi komgca womatshini we-Virtual, sukukhangela Vula umgca womatshini onenyani.
- Cofa ku-Apply gcina utshintsho lwakho kwaye u-Kulungile ukuphuma kuseto lwe-VM.
Ndiwumisa njani umatshini wenyani?
Ukuseta ngokutsha umatshini wenyani, yenza enye yezi zilandelayo:
- Khetha Ukuseta kwakhona kwimenu yoMatshini obonakalayo.
- Cofa i Hlela kwakhona iqhosha kwi-Parallels Desktop toolbar.
- Cinezela u-Ctrl+Alt+Del ngelixa igalelo lebhodi yezitshixo lifakwe ngaphakathi kwefestile yomatshini wenyani.
Ndiphuma njani kwiscreen esigcweleyo kwiVMware?
Ukuphuma kwimowudi yesikrini esigcweleyo-ukubonisa umatshini wakho obonakalayo ngaphakathi kweVMware Workstation window kwakhona-cofa iCtrl-Alt indibaniselwano yesitshixo.
Yeyiphi kwezi iteknoloji yokufaka ikhonteyina?
Izikhongozeli ziipakethi ezixhomekeke ekubekeni bucala ngokwenyani ukuhambisa kunye nokuqhuba izicelo ezifikelela kwinkqubo yokusebenza ekwabelwana ngayo (i-OS) ikernel ngaphandle kwesidingo soomatshini benyani (VMs). Uhlobo lwayo lwangoku lubonakaliswe kwi-container yesicelo, njenge-Docker, kunye ne-container yenkqubo, njenge-LXC (i-Linux Containers).
Zeziphi iingenelo kunye nokungeloncedo ngokusebenzisa umatshini wenyani?
Izinto ezingeloncedo: Oomatshini bokwenyani abasebenzi kangako kunoomatshini bokwenyani kuba bafikelela kwihardware ngokungangqalanga. Ukusebenza kwesoftware ngaphezulu kwenkqubo yokusebenza yenginginya kuthetha ukuba kuya kufuneka icele ufikelelo kwihardware kumamkeli. Oko kuya kucothisa ukusetyenziswa.
Yintoni i-virtualization kunye neenzuzo zayo?
Izinto eziluncedo kwiVirtualization. Izibonelelo zokutshintshela kwindawo ebonakalayo zininzi, zikongela imali kunye nexesha ngelixa ubonelela ngokuqhubekeka okukhulu kweshishini kunye nokukwazi ukuchacha kwintlekele. Ukuncitshiswa kwenkcitho. Ukwenza okubonakalayo kufuna iiseva ezimbalwa kwaye kwandise ubomi behardware esele ikhona.
Ngaba i-VMware ikhuselekile?
Ikhuseleke kangakanani iVMware kunye nooMatshini beVirtual? I-VMware ikhuselekile. Ukuthegiswa kweVLAN kuphucula ukhuseleko lwenethiwekhi ngokufaka ithegi kunye nokucoca itrafikhi yothungelwano kwiVLANs, kunye neLayer network policy policy yokhuseleko inyanzelisa ukhuseleko koomatshini benyani kwi-Ethernet layer ngendlela engafumanekiyo ngeeseva ezibonakalayo.
Ngaba umatshini wenyani uyakukhusela kwiintsholongwane?
Oomatshini be-Virtual basengozini kwizinto ezininzi ezifana noomatshini bomzimba kubandakanya ilahleko yedatha / ukonakala, ukusilela kwehardware, iintsholongwane, kunye nabahlaseli. Faka kwaye usebenzise isoftware yokuskena intsholongwane. Thatha uhlaziyo rhoqo kwisixokelelwano sakho sokusebenza, ngokukhethekayo usebenzisa inkqubo yohlaziyo oluzenzekelayo.
Ngaba umatshini wenyani uza kundikhusela kwiintsholongwane?
Ngaba ukuqhuba iiWindows kumatshini obonakalayo kundikhusela kwiintsholongwane? Oomatshini bokwenyani zizixhobo ezinamandla ezisetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo zinokubonelela ngebhokisi yesanti ekhuselekileyo nekhuselekileyo – esetyenziswa ngokungafanelekanga basengozini njengayo nayiphi na enye into. Kwaye ndiza kukwazi ukugcina idatha kwi-drive xa usebenzisa i-VM.
Yintoni i-server ye-virtualization kwaye zeziphi izibonelelo zokwenza okusingqongileyo?
Ukubonwa kweseva kuvumela iinkqubo ezininzi zokusebenza ukuba zisebenze kumncedisi womzimba omnye njengoomatshini abasebenzayo kakhulu. Izibonelelo eziphambili zibandakanya: Ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-IT. Iindleko zokusebenza ezicuthiweyo.
Yintoni iseva yenyani?
Umncedisi wenyani ngumncedisi owabelana ngezixhobo zehardware kunye nesoftware kunye nezinye iinkqubo zokusebenza (OS), ngokuchasene nabancedisi abazinikeleyo. Ngenxa yokuba zibiza iindleko kwaye zibonelela ngokukhawuleza kolawulo lwezixhobo, iiseva ezibonakalayo zithandwa kwiindawo zokubamba iWebhu.
Kutheni sisenza virtualize?
Owona msebenzi ubalulekileyo we-virtualization kukukwazi ukuqhuba iinkqubo ezininzi zokusebenza kunye nezicelo kwikhompyuter enye okanye kwiseva. I-Virtualization inokuphucula ukusebenza kwesicelo ngokubanzi ngenxa yetekhnoloji enokulinganisa izixhobo, kwaye ibonelele kuphela oko kufunwa ngumsebenzisi.
Ifoto kwinqaku le "National Park Service" https://www.nps.gov/sara/learn/management/lawsandpolicies.htm