Impendulo eKhawulezayo: Uyisebenzisa njani i-Ubuntu Server?

• Ukuseta iseva ye-Ubuntu:
• Vula umsebenzisi oyingcambu. Vula ifestile yesiphelo kwaye usebenzise lo myalelo ulandelayo, ufaka igama eligqithisiweyo lomsebenzisi xa ucelwa: sudo passwd root.
• Yenza iakhawunti entsha yomsebenzisi.
• Nika amalungelo engcambu yeakhawunti entsha.
• Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP (LAMP):
• Faka i-Apache.
• Faka i-MySQL.
• Seta i-MySQL.

Ndingenza ntoni nge-Ubuntu server?

Nantsi indlela yokufaka i-Ubuntu server 16.04.

Ubuntu liqonga leseva elinokuthi nabani na asebenzise oku kulandelayo kunye nokunye okuninzi:

1. Iiwebhusayithi.
2. ftp.
3. Iseva ye-imeyile.
4. Ifayile kunye nomncedisi wokushicilela.
5. Iqonga lophuhliso.
6. Ukusasazwa komgqomo.
7. Iinkonzo zamafu.
8. Umncedisi wesiseko sedata.

Ndiqhagamshela njani kwi-Ubuntu Server?

Ufikelelo lweSFTP kwi-Ubuntu Linux

• Vula i-Nautilus.
• Yiya kwimenyu yesicelo kwaye ukhethe "Ifayile> Qhagamshela kwiSeva".
• Xa kuvela ifestile yencoko yababini ethi "Qhagamshela kwiSeva", khetha i-SSH "kuhlobo lweNkonzo".
• Xa ucofa "Qhagamshela" okanye uqhagamshele usebenzisa inqaku lebhukhmakhi, kuvela ifestile yencoko yababini entsha ibuza igama lokugqitha lakho.

Yeyiphi eyona GUI ilungileyo ye-Ubuntu Server?

I-10 yeyona ndawo ibalaseleyo kunye neyona idumileyo yeeNdawo zeDesktop zeLinux ngalo lonke ixesha

1. GNOME 3 Desktop. I-GNOME mhlawumbi yeyona ndawo idumileyo yedesktop phakathi kwabasebenzisi beLinux, isimahla kwaye ivulekile umthombo, ilula, kodwa inamandla kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa.
2. I-KDE iPlasma 5.
3. Idesktop yeCinnamon.
4. MATE Desktop.
5. Umanyano lweDesktop.
6. Idesktop yeXfce.
7. Idesktop ye-LXQt.
8. I-Pantheon Desktop.

Ngaba ikhona i-GUI ye-Ubuntu Server?

Iseva ye-Ubuntu ayinayo i-GUI, kodwa unokuyifaka ukongeza.

Ngaba Ubuntu bunokusetyenziswa njengomncedisi?

Iseva ye-Ubuntu yeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiiseva. Ukuba i-Ubuntu Server ibandakanya iipakethe ozifunayo, sebenzisa iSeva kwaye ufake indawo yedesktop. Kodwa ukuba ufuna ngokupheleleyo i-GUI kwaye isoftware yakho yeseva ayiqukwanga kwiSeva yokufakela engagqibekanga, sebenzisa Ubuntu Desktop. Emva koko faka ngokulula isoftware oyifunayo.

Ndiyivala njani iseva ye-Ubuntu?

Ngokusebenzisa iTheminali

• sudo poweroff.
• Cima -h ngoku.
• Lo myalelo uya kuvala inkqubo emva komzuzu omnye.
• Ukurhoxisa lo myalelo wokuvala, chwetheza umyalelo: cima -c.
• Omnye umyalelo wokuvala isixokelelwano emva kwexesha elithile ngulo: Cima +30.
• Cima Ngexesha Elichaziweyo.
• Vala phantsi kunye nazo zonke iiparamitha.

Ndiqhagamshela njani kwiseva kwi-terminal ye-Ubuntu?

Qhagamshela kwiseva

1. Yiya kwii-Aplikheyishini> Izinto eziluncedo, kwaye emva koko uvule i-terminal. Ifestile yeTheminali ibonisa olu ncedo lulandelayo: umsebenzisi00241 kwi ~MKD1JTF1G3->$
2. Seka udibaniso lwe-SSH kumncedisi ngokusebenzisa le syntax ilandelayo: ssh root@IPaddress.
3. Chwetheza ewe kwaye ucinezele u-Enter.
4. Ngenisa igama eligqithisiweyo eliyingcambu yomncedisi.

Ndiqhagamshela njani kwiseva yeLinux ukusuka kwiSeva yeWindows?

Abathengi abaneeseva zeLinux banokusebenzisa i-SSH ukufikelela kwiseva yabo.

Idesktop ekude kwikhompyuter yeWindows

• Cofa iqhosha lokuqala.
• Cofa u-Baleka...
• Chwetheza "mstsc" kwaye ucofe iqhosha elithi Enter.
• Ecaleni kweKhompyutha: chwetheza idilesi ye-IP yomncedisi wakho.
• Cofa Qhagamshela.
• Uya kubona i-Windows yokungena ngokukhawuleza. Jonga umfanekiso ongezantsi:

Ndingena njani kwinethiwekhi ku-Ubuntu?

Useta njani iNethiwekhi kwi-Ubuntu

1. Vula uQhagamshelwano lweNethiwekhi ukuseta useto lwenethiwekhi ku-Ubuntu.
2. Ngaphantsi kwe "Wired" ithebhu, cofa ku-"Auto eth0" kwaye ukhethe "Hlela."
3. Cofa kwithebhu ethi "IPV4 Useto".
4. Jonga useto lwedilesi yeIP.
5. Chwetheza lo myalelo ulandelayo kwi-terminal: "sudo ifconfig" ngaphandle kweengcaphuno.
6. Fumana iidilesi zakho ezintsha.

Ngaba i KDE ikhawuleza kuneGnome?

I-KDE Ikhawuleza Ngokumangalisayo. Phakathi kwe-ecosystems ye-Linux, kulungile ukucinga ngazo zombini i-GNOME kunye ne-KDE zinzima. Ziindawo ezipheleleyo zedesktop ezinendawo ezininzi ezihambayo xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela ezilula. Kodwa xa kufikwa kwinto ekhawulezayo, inkangeleko inokukhohlisa.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-Ubuntu desktop kunye neseva?

Ikopishwe njengoko ivela ku-Ubuntu amaxwebhu: Umahluko wokuqala ukwimixholo yeCD. Ngaphambi kwe-12.04, iseva ye-Ubuntu ifakela i-kernel eyenziwe ngomncedisi ngokungagqibekanga. Ukusukela ngo-12.04, akukho mahluko kwi-kernel phakathi kwe-Ubuntu Desktop kunye ne-Ubuntu Server kuba i-linux-image-server idityanisiwe kwi-linux-image-generic.

Ndiyongeza njani idesktop kwi-Ubuntu Server?

Uyifaka njani iDesktop kwiSeva ye-Ubuntu

• Ngena kumncedisi.
• Chwetheza umyalelo "sudo apt-fumana uhlaziyo" ukuhlaziya uluhlu lweepakethe zesoftware ezikhoyo.
• Chwetheza lo myalelo "sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop" ukufaka i-Gnome desktop.
• Chwetheza umyalelo "sudo apt-get install xubuntu-desktop" ukufaka i-desktop ye-XFCE.

Ndiyifumana njani iGnome kuBuntu?

ufakelo

1. Vula ifestile yeterminal.
2. Yongeza indawo yokugcina ye-GNOME PPA ngomyalelo: sudo yongeza-apt-repository ppa: gnome3-team/gnome3.
3. Hit Enter.
4. Xa uyalelwa, cofa u-Enter kwakhona.
5. Hlaziya kwaye ufake ngalo myalelo: sudo apt-fumana uhlaziyo && sudo apt-fumana ukufaka i-gnome-shell ubuntu-gnome-desktop.

Ndiqhagamshela njani ukude ku-Ubuntu?

UngaQinisekisa njani ukuFikelela ukude kwi-Ubuntu Desktop yakho-Iphepha lesi-3

• Cofa kwi icon yeRemmina yeRemote yeDesktop ukuqalisa usetyenziso.
• Khetha 'VNC' njengeprothokholi kwaye ungenise idilesi ye-IP okanye igama lenginginya yePC yedesktop othanda ukudibanisa kuyo.
• Ifestile ivula apho kufuneka uchwetheze igama lokugqitha ledesktop ekude:

Nditshintsha njani ukusuka kwi-GUI ukuya kumgca womyalelo ku-Ubuntu?

3 Iimpendulo. Xa utshintshela kwi "terminal virtual" ngokucinezela Ctrl + Alt + F1 yonke enye into isala njengoko yayinjalo. Ngoko xa kamva ucinezela Alt + F7 (okanye ngokuphindaphindiweyo Alt + Ekunene ) ubuyela kwiseshoni ye-GUI kwaye unokuqhubeka nomsebenzi wakho. Apha ndine-3 yokungena - kwi-tty1, kwisikrini: 0, kunye ne-gnome-terminal.

Ndazi njani ukuba ndinoBuntu desktop okanye iseva?

Indlela ye-console iyakusebenza nokuba yeyiphi na inguqulelo ye-Ubuntu okanye i-desktop oyisebenzisayo.

1. Inyathelo 1: Vula i-terminal.
2. Inyathelo 2: Ngenisa i-lsb_release -a umyalelo.
3. Inyathelo 1: Vula "uSeto lweNkqubo" kwimenyu ephambili yedesktop kuManyano.
4. Inyathelo 2: Cofa kwi "Iinkcukacha" icon phantsi kwe "System."

Ngaba Ubuntu desktop ibandakanya iseva?

Iseva ye-Ubuntu: Iza Nobuntu obukrwada ngaphandle kwesoftware yomzobo kodwa inezixhobo ezisisiseko njengeseva ye-ssh. Iseva ye-Ubuntu ayinayo icandelo lomzobo ngokungagqibekanga kwaye iqulathe iipakethe ezincinci xa kuthelekiswa noguqulelo lwedesktop. Ngokobuchwephesha, akukho mahluko. UHlelo lweDesktop ye-Ubuntu luza lufakwe kwangaphambili kunye ne-GUI.

Ngaba i-Ubuntu Server isimahla kusetyenziso lwentengiso?

Ubuntu yi-OS yasimahla, evulelekileyo enokhuseleko oluqhelekileyo kunye nohlaziyo lolungiso olubonelelweyo. Cebisa ukuba ufunde i-Ubuntu Server Overview. Ngaba unokucebisa ukuba ukuhanjiswa kweseva yeshishini ukuba usebenzise ukukhutshwa kwe-LTS eyi-14.04 njengoko inexesha lenkxaso yeminyaka emihlanu.

Ndibuseta ngokutsha njani ngokupheleleyo uBuntu?

Amanyathelo afanayo kuzo zonke iinguqulelo ze-Ubuntu OS.

• Yenza isipele zonke iifayile zakho zobuqu.
• Qala kabusha ikhompyuter ngokucinezela amaqhosha e-CTRL + ALT + DEL ngaxeshanye, okanye usebenzisa i-Shut Down / Reboot menu ukuba Ubuntu buqala ngokuchanekileyo.
• Ukuvula imo yokubuyisela ye-GRUB, cinezela F11, F12, Esc okanye Shift ngexesha lokuqalisa.

Ndiyiqala njani inkonzo kuBuntu?

Qala/Yeka/Qalisa kwakhona Iinkonzo ngomyalelo wenkonzo ku-Ubuntu. Ungaqalisa, uyeke, okanye uqalise kwakhona iinkonzo usebenzisa umyalelo wenkonzo. Vula ifestile yendlela yesiphelo, kwaye ungenise le miyalelo ilandelayo.

Ndiyiqala njani iNginx ku-Ubuntu?

Ngokungagqibekanga, nginx ayizukuqala ngokuzenzekelayo, ke kufuneka usebenzise lo myalelo ulandelayo. Olunye ukhetho olusebenzayo luthi "yeka" kunye "nokuqalisa kwakhona". ingcambu@karmic:~# sudo /etc/init.d/nginx qala Ukuqala nginx: ifayile yoqwalaselo /etc/nginx/nginx.conf isivakalisi silungile ifayile yoqwalaselo /etc/nginx/nginx.conf uvavanyo luphumelele nginx.

Ndiyifumana njani idilesi yam ye-IP ku-Ubuntu?

Cinezela u-CTRL + ALT + T ukuze uqalise i-terminal kwinkqubo yakho ye-Ubuntu. Ngoku chwetheza ulandele umyalelo we-ip ukujonga iidilesi ze-IP zangoku eziqwalaselwe kwindlela yakho.

Ndiyibeka njani i-IP engatshintshiyo ku-Ubuntu?

Ukutshintshela kwidilesi ye-IP engatshintshiyo kwi-Ubuntu desktop, ngena kwaye ukhethe i icon yojongano lwenethiwekhi kwaye ucofe iisetingi zeentambo. Xa ipaneli yokuseta inethiwekhi ivula, kuqhagamshelo lweNcingo, cofa iqhosha lokukhetha useto. Guqula iNdlela ye-IPv4 enentambo ibe yiManuwali. Emva koko chwetheza idilesi ye-IP, i-subnet mask kunye nesango.

Ndilutshintsha njani useto lwenethiwekhi ku-Ubuntu?

Vula ifayile yakho /etc/network/interfaces, khangela i:

1. Umgca we "iface eth0" kunye nokutshintsha okuguquguqukayo ukuya kwi-static.
2. umgca wedilesi kwaye utshintshe idilesi kwidilesi ye-IP engatshintshiyo.
3. umgca we-netmask kwaye utshintshe idilesi kwi-subnet mask echanekileyo.
4. umgca wesango kwaye utshintshe idilesi kwidilesi echanekileyo yesango.

Ndibuyela njani kwimowudi ye-GUI ku-Ubuntu?

3 Iimpendulo. Xa utshintshela kwi "terminal virtual" ngokucinezela Ctrl + Alt + F1 yonke enye into isala njengoko yayinjalo. Ngoko xa kamva ucinezela Alt + F7 (okanye ngokuphindaphindiweyo Alt + Ekunene ) ubuyela kwiseshoni ye-GUI kwaye unokuqhubeka nomsebenzi wakho. Apha ndine-3 yokungena - kwi-tty1, kwisikrini: 0, kunye ne-gnome-terminal.

Ndiyiqala njani imo ye-GUI kwiLinux?

I-Linux ineetheminali ezi-6 ngokungagqibekanga kunye ne-terminal yegraphical e-1. Ungatshintsha phakathi kwezi terminals ngokucinezela Ctrl + Alt + Fn . Buyisela n nge 1-7. F7 izakuthatha ikuse kwimowudi yomzobo kuphela ukuba iqalwe kwinqanaba 5 okanye uqalile u X usebenzisa i startx command; kungenjalo, iya kubonisa nje isikrini esingenanto kwi F7.

Ndiqala njani Ubuntu ngaphandle kwe-GUI?

Ukuqinisekisa imowudi epheleleyo engeyiyo ye-GUI kwi-Ubuntu ngaphandle kokufaka okanye ukukhipha nantoni na, yenza oku kulandelayo:

• Vula ifayile /etc/default/grub ngomhleli wakho wombhalo owuthandayo.
• Cinezela i ukungena kwimo yokuhlela vi.
• Jonga umgca ofundeka #GRUB_TERMINAL=console kwaye ungawuncomi ngokususa iphambili #

Ifoto kwinqaku ngu "Flickr" https://www.flickr.com/photos/xmodulo/10937589506