A na-echekwa okwuntughe na omenala na faịlụ /etc/passwd n'ụdị ezoro ezo (ya mere aha faịlụ ahụ).
Ebee ka echekwara okwuntughe ezoro ezo na Linux?
Na sistemụ arụmọrụ Linux, faịlụ paswọọdụ onyinyo bụ faịlụ sistemu nke echekwara paswọọdụ onye ọrụ ezoro ezo ka ọ ghara ịnweta ndị na-anwa ịbanye na sistemụ. Dịka ọ na-adịkarị, a na-edobe ozi onye ọrụ, gụnyere okwuntughe, na faịlụ sistemụ akpọrọ /etc/passwd .
Kedu faịlụ nwere okwuntughe ezoro ezo maka ndị ọrụ na sistemụ?
Faịlụ /etc/shadow na-edobe ndekọ gbasara okwuntughe ndị ọrụ ezoro ezo, yana ozi okwuntughe ndị ọzọ metụtara.
Ebee ka echekwara okwuntughe Unix?
A na-echekwa okwuntughe dị na unix na mbụ na /etc/passwd (nke bụ ihe a na-agụ n'ụwa), ma mechaa gaa na /etc/ shadow (ma kwadoo na /etc/shadow-) nke nwere ike ịgụ naanị site na mgbọrọgwụ (ma ọ bụ ndị òtù nke . otu onyinyo). A na-etinye nnu ma gbanye paswọọdụ.
Kedu otu esi egosi paswọọdụ ezoro ezo na Linux?
Ị nwere ike ịmepụta paswọọdụ ezoro ezo site na openssl passwd iwu. Iwu openssl passwd ga-ewepụta ọtụtụ hashes dị iche iche maka otu paswọọdụ, maka nke a ọ na-eji nnu. Enwere ike ịhọrọ nnu a ma hụ ya dị ka mkpụrụedemede abụọ mbụ nke hash.
Kedu ka esi echekwa okwuntughe na Linux Kedu ihe ọ ga-ewe maka onye na-awakpo iji nweta okwuntughe onye ọrụ Linux?
Site n'iji uru nnu (nke a na-emepụta na-akpaghị aka mgbe ọ na-emepụta okwuntughe), onye na-awakpo kwesịrị ịga n'ihu na nchikota dị iche iche nke ụkpụrụ nnu yana eriri okwuntughe iji mara ihe paswọọdụ mbụ bụ. Onye na-awakpo enweghị ike ịkọ ngwa ngwa na ndị ọrụ abụọ na-eji otu okwuntughe.
Kedu ka esi ewepụ okwuntughe Linux?
Na Linux nkesa okwuntughe nbanye na-achicha ma chekwaa na faịlụ /etc/shadow site na iji MD5 algọridim. … N'aka nke ọzọ, SHA-2 nwere ọrụ hash anọ ọzọ nwere mgbari bụ 224, 256, 384, na 512 bits.
Kedu otu esi echekwa okwuntughe na ndò wdg?
Faịlụ /etc/shadow na-echekwa paswọọdụ n'ezie n'ụdị ezoro ezo (dị ka hash nke paswọọdụ) maka akaụntụ onye ọrụ nwere njirimara ndị ọzọ metụtara paswọọdụ onye ọrụ. Ịghọta usoro faịlụ /etc/shadow dị mkpa maka sysadmins na ndị mmepe iji mebie okwu akaụntụ onye ọrụ.
Kedu ihe okwuntughe nwere ndò?
Okwuntughe onyinyo bụ nkwalite nchekwa nbanye na sistemụ Unix. Iji nwalee okwuntughe, mmemme na-eji otu “igodo” (nnu) ezoro paswọọdụ enyere nke ejiri ezoro paswọọdụ echekwara na faịlụ /etc/passwd (a na-enye nnu mgbe niile dị ka mkpụrụedemede abụọ mbụ nke paswọọdụ. ).
Gịnị bụ paswọọdụ salting?
Nnụ bụ naanị mgbakwunye pụrụ iche, nke mkpụrụedemede a na-amata naanị saịtị ahụ na paswọọdụ ọ bụla tupu etinye ya, na-edobe “nnu” a n'ihu okwuntughe ọ bụla. Ekwesịrị ịchekwa uru nnu site na saịtị ahụ, nke pụtara mgbe ụfọdụ saịtị na-eji otu nnu maka paswọọdụ ọ bụla.
Kedu ihe bụ paswọọdụ Unix?
passwd bụ iwu na Unix, Plan 9, Inferno, na ọtụtụ sistemụ arụmọrụ dịka Unix nke eji agbanwe paswọọdụ onye ọrụ. A na-eji okwuntughe nke onye ọrụ tinye site na isi ọrụ mwepu iji mepụta ụdị paswọọdụ ọhụrụ a na-anyụ anyụ, nke echekwara.
Ebee ka echekwara okwuntughe hashed?
Ịnweta hashes paswọọdụ
Iji mgbawa okwuntughe ị ga-ebu ụzọ nweta hashes echekwara n'ime sistemụ arụmọrụ. A na-echekwa hashes ndị a na faịlụ SAM Windows. Faịlụ a dị na sistemụ gị na C:WindowsSystem32config mana ọ naghị enweta ya mgbe sistemụ arụmọrụ na-ebuli elu.
Kedu otu esi edobe paswọọdụ na Unix?
Nke mbụ, banye na sava UNIX site na iji ssh ma ọ bụ console. Mepee ngwa ngwa shei wee pịnye iwu passwd ka ịgbanwee mgbọrọgwụ ma ọ bụ paswọọdụ onye ọrụ ọ bụla na UNIX. Ezi iwu ịgbanwe paswọọdụ maka onye ọrụ mgbọrọgwụ na UNIX bụ sudo passwd mgbọrọgwụ. Ka ịgbanwee paswọọdụ gị na Unix run passwd.
Kedu otu m ga-esi wepụ faịlụ echekwara paswọọdụ?
Site na Ngwaọrụ taabụ họrọ nhọrọ Encrypt. N'ime igbe okwu mepere họrọ faịlụ (s) nke ịchọrọ izo ya ezo wee pịa Mepee. Tinye okwuntughe nke ị ga-eji mebie faịlụ ma emechaa banye n'ime oghere Tinye paswọọdụ. Tinyegharịa okwuntughe na mpaghara Kwenye okwuntughe.
Kedu otu m ga-esi wepụ ozi ezoro ezo?
Mgbe ị nwetara ederede ezoro ezo ma ọ bụ mepee njikọ dị mkpirikpi, mee otu n'ime ihe ndị a: Gaa na https://encipher.it ma mado ozi ahụ (ma ọ bụ naanị pịa njikọ dị mkpirikpi) Jiri ibe akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ budata ndọtị Chrome iji mebie ozi ahụ. na Gmail ma ọ bụ ozi webụ ọzọ. Budata ụdị desktọpụ iji mebie faịlụ ndị ahụ.
Kedu otu m ga-esi mepụta paswọọdụ ezoro ezo?
Nkọwa edemede
- Mepụta paswọọdụ ezoro ezo site na iji iwu bash a: echo -n ${USERPASSWORD}${USERNAME} | md5 ngwu.
- Detuo checksum nke na-egosipụta ka emechara iwu ahụ na nzọụkwụ 1.
- Tinye PSQL ozugbo dị ka onye ọrụ nchịkwa.
- Jiri PASSWORD mee ihe CREATE ROLE test 'md5 '
2 afọ. 2018 г.