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He aha nā ʻano o nā loulou ma Linux?

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Ma kāu ʻōnaehana faila Linux, kahi loulou kahi pilina ma waena o kahi inoa faila a me ka ʻikepili maoli ma ka disk. ʻElua mau ʻano loulou i hiki ke hana ʻia: nā loulou "paʻakikī", a me nā loulou "ʻoluʻolu" a hōʻailona paha. … ʻO kahi loulou hōʻailona he faila kūikawā e kuhikuhi ana i kahi faila a i ʻole papa kuhikuhi, i kapa ʻia ʻo ka pahuhopu.

ʻO kahi loulou hōʻailona a palupalu paha kahi loulou maoli i ka faila kumu, akā ʻo ka loulou paʻakikī he kope aniani o ka faila kumu. Inā holoi ʻoe i ka faila kumu, ʻaʻohe waiwai o ka loulou palupalu, no ka mea, kuhikuhi ia i kahi faila ʻole. Akā i ka hihia o ka loulou paʻakikī, ua kū'ē loa ia.

A link in UNIX is a pointer to a file. Like pointers in any programming languages, links in UNIX are pointers pointing to a file or a directory. … Links allow more than one file name to refer to the same file, elsewhere. There are two types of links : Soft Link or Symbolic links.

ʻO nā loulou i Unix nā kuhikuhi e pili ana i nā faila a me nā papa kuhikuhi. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o kahi loulou paʻakikī a me ka loulou palupalu ʻo ia ka loulou paʻakikī ke kuhikuhi pololei i ka faila akā ʻo ka loulou palupalu ka kuhikuhi ma ka inoa ʻo ia ka mea e kuhikuhi ai i kahi faila ma ka inoa faila.

No ka wehe ʻana i kahi loulou hōʻailona, ​​e hoʻohana i ke kauoha rm a i ʻole unlink i ukali ʻia e ka inoa o ka symlink ma ke ʻano he hoʻopaʻapaʻa. I ka wehe ʻana i kahi loulou hōʻailona e kuhikuhi ana i kahi papa kuhikuhi, ʻaʻole e hoʻopili i kahi slash hope i ka inoa symlink.

No ka nānā ʻana i nā loulou hōʻailona ma kahi papa kuhikuhi:

  1. E wehe i kahi kikowaena a neʻe i kēlā papa kuhikuhi.
  2. E kikokiko i ke kauoha: ls -la. E papa inoa kēia i nā faila a pau i loko o ka papa kuhikuhi inā ua hūnā ʻia.
  3. ʻO nā faila e hoʻomaka me l, ʻo ia kāu mau faila loulou hōʻailona.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā inā he symlink kahi faila me [ -L file ] . Pēlā nō, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻāʻo inā he faila maʻamau ka faila me [ -f file ] , akā i kēlā hihia, hana ʻia ka nānā ma hope o ka hoʻoholo ʻana i nā symlinks. ʻAʻole ʻano faila nā hardlinks, he inoa ʻokoʻa wale nō ia no kahi faila (o kēlā me kēia ʻano).

I ka helu ʻana, ʻo kahi loulou paʻa kahi papa kuhikuhi e pili ana i kahi inoa me kahi faila ma kahi ʻōnaehana faila. Pono e loaʻa i nā ʻōnaehana waihona ma ka papa kuhikuhi hoʻokahi ma lalo o hoʻokahi loulou paʻakikī e hāʻawi ana i ka inoa kumu no kēlā me kēia faila. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka huaʻōlelo "loulou paʻakikī" i nā ʻōnaehana faila e ʻae i nā loulou paʻa ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi faila.

Hard link is the exact replica of the actual file it is pointing to . Both the hard link and the linked file shares the same inode . If the source file is deleted ,the hard link still works and you will be able to access the file until the number of hard links to file isn’t 0(zero).

ʻAe. Loaʻa iā lāua ʻelua ka hakahaka no ka mea, aia nō lāua i nā hoʻokomo papa kuhikuhi.

Ma ka paʻamau, hana ke kauoha ln i nā loulou paʻakikī. No ka hana ʻana i kahi loulou hōʻailona, ​​e hoʻohana i ke koho -s ( –symbolic). Inā hāʻawi ʻia ka FILE a me LINK, e hana ʻo ln i kahi loulou mai ka faila i kuhikuhi ʻia ʻo ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa mua ( FILE ) i ka faila i kuhikuhi ʻia ʻo ka pane ʻelua ( LINK ).

No ka hana ʻana i kahi loulou hōʻailona e hāʻawi i ke koho -s i ke kauoha ln a ukali ʻia e ka faila i kuhikuhi ʻia a me ka inoa o ka loulou. Ma kēia hiʻohiʻona e hoʻopili ʻia kahi faila i loko o ka waihona bin. Ma ka laʻana aʻe, ua hoʻopili ʻia kahi drive waho i kau ʻia i kahi papa kuhikuhi home.

Inā ʻike ʻoe i ʻelua faila me nā waiwai like akā ʻaʻole maopopo inā pili paʻakikī lākou, e hoʻohana i ke kauoha ls -i e nānā i ka helu inode. ʻO nā faila i hoʻopaʻa paʻa ʻia e kaʻana like i ka helu inode like. ʻO ka helu inode kaʻana like ʻo 2730074, ʻo ia hoʻi he ʻikepili like kēia mau faila.

papa kuhikuhi papahana i loko o kahi waihona waihona, e ʻike ʻia aia nā faila i loko /mnt/partition/. papahana. Ma waho aʻe o nā "loulou hōʻailona", i ʻike ʻia ʻo "nā loulou palupalu", hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kahi "loulou paʻakikī". ʻO kahi loulou hōʻailona a palupalu paha e kuhikuhi ana i kahi ala ma ka ʻōnaehana faila.

No ka hana ʻana i nā loulou paʻakikī ma kahi ʻōnaehana Linux a i ʻole Unix-like:

  1. E hana i ka loulou paakiki ma waena o sfile1file a me link1file, holo: ln sfile1file link1file.
  2. No ka hana ʻana i nā loulou hōʻailona ma kahi o nā loulou paʻakikī, e hoʻohana: ln -s kumu loulou.
  3. No ka hōʻoia ʻana i nā loulou palupalu a paʻakikī paha ma Linux, holo: ls -l source link.

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