Ana isar da fitar da rubutu daga umarni zuwa harsashi ta hanyar stdout (daidaitacce). Ana aika saƙonnin kuskure daga umarnin ta hanyar stderr (kuskuren daidaitaccen) rafi.
Menene stdout da stderr?
A cikin shirye-shiryen kwamfuta, daidaitattun magudanan ruwa suna haɗuwa da haɗin kai da hanyoyin sadarwa na shigarwa tsakanin shirin kwamfuta da muhallinta lokacin da aka fara aiwatarwa. Ana kiran haɗin shigarwa/fitarwa uku (I/O). daidaitaccen shigarwa (stdin), daidaitaccen fitarwa (stdout) da daidaitaccen kuskure (stderr).
Menene stdout a cikin Linux?
Daidaitaccen fitarwa, wani lokacin ana gajarta stdout, yana nufin zuwa daidaitattun rafukan bayanan da aka samar ta shirye-shiryen layin umarni (watau, duk shirye-shiryen yanayin rubutu) a cikin Linux da sauran tsarin aiki masu kama da Unix. … A wannan yanayin, yana gaya wa umarnin fayil don la'akari da kowane fayil a cikin kundin adireshi na yanzu azaman hujja.
Menene stdout?
Stdout, wanda kuma aka sani da daidaitaccen fitarwa, shine tsoho mai siffanta fayil inda tsari zai iya rubuta fitarwa. A cikin tsarin aiki kamar Unix, irin su Linux, macOS X, da BSD, stdout an ayyana shi ta ma'aunin POSIX. Tsohuwar lambar siffanta fayil ɗin sa shine 1. A cikin tashar tashar, daidaitaccen fitarwa ya ɓace zuwa allon mai amfani.
Menene umarnin stderr a cikin Linux?
Stderr, kuma aka sani da daidaitaccen kuskure, shine tsohon bayanin fayil inda tsari zai iya rubuta saƙonnin kuskure. A cikin tsarin aiki kamar Unix, irin su Linux, macOS X, da BSD, stderr an bayyana shi ta ma'aunin POSIX. … A cikin tasha, daidaitattun kuskuren kuskure ga allon mai amfani.
Ta yaya zan tura stderr?
Don tura stderr shima, kuna da ƴan zaɓuɓɓuka:
- Juya stdout zuwa fayil ɗaya kuma stderr zuwa wani fayil: umarni> fita 2>kuskure.
- Juya stdout zuwa fayil (> fita), sannan a tura stderr zuwa stdout (2>&1): umarni> fita 2>&1.
Shin stdout ya haɗa da stderr?
Idan fahimtata ta yi daidai, stdin shine fayil ɗin da shirin ke rubuta buƙatunsa don gudanar da wani aiki a cikin tsari, stdout shine fayil ɗin da kernel ke rubuta abin da aka fitar a cikinsa da kuma tsarin buƙatun shi don samun damar bayanai daga gare shi, kuma stderr shine fayil ɗin da aka shigar da duk keɓantacce a ciki.
Ta yaya zan sami stderr a cikin Linux?
Yawanci, STDOUT da STDERR duka suna fitarwa zuwa tashar ku. Amma yana yiwuwa a tura ko dai kuma duka biyun. Misali, bayanan da aka aika zuwa STDERR ta rubutun CGI yawanci suna ƙarewa a cikin fayil ɗin log da aka ƙayyade a cikin saitin sabar gidan yanar gizo. Yana yiwuwa shirin ya sami bayanai game da STDERR akan tsarin Linux.
Menene amfanin & a cikin Linux?
The & yana sa umarnin ya gudana a bango. Daga man bash : Idan mai kula da umarni ya ƙare &, harsashi yana aiwatar da umarnin a bango a cikin ƙaramin harsashi. Harsashi baya jiran umarnin ya ƙare, kuma matsayin dawowa shine 0.
Ina stdout ke tafiya a cikin Linux?
Daidaitaccen fitarwa, kamar yadda aka ƙirƙira yayin ƙirƙirar lokaci, yana zuwa na'ura mai kwakwalwa, tashar ku ko tashar X. Daidai inda aka aika fitarwa a fili ya dogara da inda tsarin ya samo asali. zai [con] daidaita fayil ɗin, ta tsohuwa, zuwa daidaitaccen kayan aikin mu watau na'urar wasan bidiyo ko tasha.
Shin printf yana rubutawa zuwa stdout?
Duk wani kira zuwa bugawa so buga zuwa stdout, yayin da ake kira zuwa fprint yayin da buga zuwa ƙayyadadden rafi. A cikin misali ka bayar, aiki na biyu kira zai buga ku stderr. Tunda kuna buga kirtani mara komai, ba za ku yi komai da yawa akan kowane rafi ba, don haka ba za ku ga wani abu na bayanin kula ya faru ba.
Za a iya rubuta wa stdout?
Lokacin da kuka ƙaddamar da aika fitarwa zuwa stdout, kuna barin shi ga mai amfani don yanke shawarar inda wannan fitowar ya kamata. Idan kuna amfani bugawa(…) (ko kuma daidai fprintf(stdout, …) ), kuna aika fitarwa zuwa stdout , amma inda hakan ya ƙare zai iya dogara da yadda nake kiran shirin ku.
An ajiye stdout?
stdout kawai hannun jari cewa ta tsohuwa an haɗa shi zuwa na'ura wasan bidiyo, amma ana iya tura shi.