Ta yaya zan sami hanyoyin haɗi masu wuya a cikin Linux?

Hanya daya tilo don nemo sauran nassoshi zuwa ga inode da aka bayar ita ce bincika cikakken tsarin tsarin fayil ɗin duba waɗanne fayilolin ke nufin inode da ake tambaya. Kuna iya amfani da 'gwajin A -ef B' daga harsashi don yin wannan cak. UNIX yana da hanyoyin haɗin kai masu wuya da haɗin kai na alama (wanda aka yi da "ln" da "ln -s" bi da bi).

Nemo idan fayil ɗin yana da hanyoyin haɗin kai

Har yanzu ana iya gano shi ta amfani da umarnin ls iri ɗaya amma kuna buƙatar amfani da tsarin jeri mai tsayi ta amfani da zaɓin layin umarni -l. A cikin tsarin jeri mai tsawo, shafi na biyu yana nuna adadin hanyoyin haɗin kai zuwa fayil ɗin.

Don duba hanyoyin haɗin kai na alama a cikin kundin adireshi:

  1. Buɗe tasha kuma matsa zuwa waccan directory.
  2. Buga umarnin: ls -la. Wannan zai daɗe yana jera duk fayilolin da ke cikin kundin adireshi ko da an ɓoye su.
  3. Fayilolin da suka fara da l fayilolin haɗin gwiwar alama ne na ku.

Kuna iya bincika idan fayil alamar haɗin gwiwa ce tare da [-L file] . Hakazalika, zaku iya gwada idan fayil ɗin fayil ne na yau da kullun tare da [ -f file ] , amma a wannan yanayin, ana yin rajistan bayan an warware alamomin. Hardlinks ba nau'in fayil bane, sunaye ne kawai na fayil (kowane iri).

4 Amsoshi. Nuna ayyuka akan wannan sakon. Kuna iya share shi tare da rm kamar yadda aka saba: rm NameOfFile . Lura cewa tare da manyan hanyoyin haɗin yanar gizo babu bambanci tsakanin "fayil ɗin asali" da "hanyar hanyar haɗin yanar gizon": kawai kuna da sunaye guda biyu don fayil iri ɗaya, kuma share ɗaya daga cikin sunayen ba zai share ɗayan ba.

Haɗi mai wuya shine kawai ƙarin suna don fayil ɗin da ke kan Linux ko wasu tsarin aiki kamar Unix. Kowane adadin hanyoyin haɗin kai, don haka kowane adadin sunaye, ana iya ƙirƙira don kowane fayil. Hakanan za'a iya ƙirƙirar hanyoyin haɗin kai zuwa sauran hanyoyin haɗin yanar gizo masu wuya.

Umurnin rsync na iya adana hanyoyin haɗin kai da yin ainihin kwafin /raid6/rsnapshot/ directory zuwa sabar mai nisa ta amfani da haɗin haɗin gwiwa. Wannan yana da amfani don yin ajiyar waje ko kwafin abubuwan da ke akwai zuwa faifai na USB. Bari mu ga yadda ake amfani da rsync don adanawa da kwafi Haɗin Haɗi, softlinks da sauran bayanai.

Akwai nau'ikan hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa guda biyu a cikin tsarin Linux/UNIX:

  • Hanyoyin haɗi. Kuna iya tunanin hanyar haɗi mai wuya azaman ƙarin suna don fayil ɗin da ke akwai. Hard links suna haɗa sunayen fayiloli biyu ko fiye da inode iri ɗaya. …
  • Hanyoyin haɗi masu laushi. Hanya mai laushi wani abu ne kamar gajeriyar hanya a cikin Windows. Mai nuni kai tsaye zuwa fayil ko kundin adireshi.

6 tsit. 2019 г.

Ana amfani da hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa a lokuta da yawa: Wani lokaci don ƙirƙirar hanya mai dacewa zuwa kundin adireshi da aka binne zurfi a cikin tsarin fayil; sauran amfani don hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa sun haɗa da: Haɗa ɗakunan karatu. Tabbatar cewa fayiloli suna cikin wurare akai-akai (ba tare da matsar da asali ba) Ajiye "kwafin" fayil ɗaya a wurare da yawa.

Hanya a cikin UNIX mai nuni ne ga fayil. Kamar masu nuni a cikin kowane yarukan shirye-shirye, hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa a cikin UNIX sune masu nuni zuwa fayil ko kundin adireshi. … Hanyoyin haɗi suna ba da izinin sunan fayil fiye da ɗaya don komawa zuwa fayil iri ɗaya, wani wuri. Akwai nau'ikan hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa guda biyu: Soft Link ko Symbolic links.

Yawancin tsarin fayil waɗanda ke goyan bayan hanyoyin haɗin kai suna amfani da ƙidayar tunani. Ana adana ƙimar lamba tare da kowane ɓangaren bayanan jiki. Wannan lamba tana wakiltar jimlar adadin manyan hanyoyin haɗin yanar gizo waɗanda aka ƙirƙira don nuna bayanai. Lokacin da aka ƙirƙiri sabon hanyar haɗin gwiwa, wannan ƙimar tana ƙaruwa da ɗaya.

Yi amfani da umarnin ls -l don bincika ko fayil ɗin da aka bayar hanyar haɗin gwiwa ce ta alama, kuma don nemo fayil ɗin ko kundin adireshi wanda hanyar haɗin ke nunawa. Halin farko "l", yana nuna cewa fayil ɗin alamar haɗin gwiwa ne. Alamar "->" tana nuna fayil ɗin alamar haɗin gwiwa yana nunawa.

directory ɗin shirin a cikin mai sarrafa fayil, zai bayyana yana ɗauke da fayiloli a cikin /mnt/partition/. shirin. Baya ga "hanyoyin alamomi", kuma aka sani da "hanyoyi masu laushi", maimakon haka za ku iya ƙirƙirar "hanyar haɗin gwiwa". Hanya ta alama ko taushi tana nuna hanya a cikin tsarin fayil.

Ee. Dukansu suna ɗaukar sarari kamar yadda har yanzu duka biyun suna da shigarwar adireshi.

Hard link shine ainihin kwafin ainihin fayil ɗin da yake nunawa . Duka mai wuyar haɗi da fayil ɗin da aka haɗa suna raba inode iri ɗaya . Idan an share tushen fayil ɗin, babban hanyar haɗin yanar gizon yana aiki kuma za ku sami damar shiga fayil ɗin har sai adadin manyan hanyoyin haɗin yanar gizo ba 0 (sifili ba).

Hanya mai wuya ba za ta taɓa nuna fayil ɗin da aka goge ba. Hanya mai wuya kamar mai nuni ce ga ainihin bayanan fayil. Kuma ana kiran mai nunin “inode” a tsarin tsarin fayil. Don haka, a wasu kalmomi, ƙirƙirar hanyar haɗi mai wuya shine ƙirƙirar wani inode ko mai nuni zuwa fayil.

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